Navegar na onda de arbitragem internacional: Perguntas mais frequentes
There has been a notable increase in the utilisation of international arbitragem, which is now widely recognised as the preferred resolução de litígios mechanism for cross-border and multijurisdictional transactions. But what exactly is international arbitration?
Este guia de perguntas frequentes tem como objetivo fornecer respostas às perguntas mais comuns sobre a natureza exata da arbitragem internacional e quais são as suas principais características.
O que é a arbitragem internacional?
International arbitration offers an alternative to the traditional approach of resolving disputes through formal court proceedings in a national court. If, and only if, the parties agree to arbitrate their dispute, an independent neutral arbitrator and/or a panel of arbitrators vontade make an award/decision which is binding on the parties.
A final award is typically enforceable in most domestic courts around the world and, subject to the arbitration rules which apply, there is generally no right to appeal the award and very limited grounds on which any award can be set aside.
O meu contrato não inclui uma cláusula de arbitragem. Ainda assim, posso recorrer à arbitragem?
Yes, you can. As the parties will need to agree to submit their dispute to arbitration, the most common way for the parties to do so is to incorporate an arbitration clause into the underlying agreements/contracts. However, parties can still refer their dispute to arbitration through a submission agreement if no pre-existing arbitration clause exists.
Quais são as principais características da arbitragem internacional?
Exequibilidade das sentenças arbitrais: One of the most significant advantages of international arbitration is the enforceability of arbitral awards across different jurisdictions. A Convenção sobre o Reconhecimento e a Execução de Sentenças Arbitrais Estrangeiras de 1958, widely known as ‘The New York Convention,’ has been ratified by over 170 countries, making it often easier to enforce a non-domestic arbitral award than a foreign court judgment.
Neutralidade e imparcialidade: Arbitrators are typically chosen by the parties or a designated institution, ensuring a neutral and impartial decision-making process. This neutrality is crucial for cross-border disputes, as it minimises the risk of home-country bias or concerns about unfamiliar domestic judicial systems.
Flexibilidade e autonomia: Parties have the freedom to tailor the arbitration process to their specific needs, including selecting specialist arbitrators, specific procedural rules (e.g., ICC 2021 Rules, LCIA 2020 Rules, etc.), the ‘seat’ of arbitration, and the language of proceedings. This flexibility allows for a more efficient and customised resolution process.
Embora os processos judiciais nacionais tradicionais possam, muitas vezes, demorar anos a ser resolvidos, muitas das regras que regem a arbitragem internacional prevêem que, desde que seja adequado, as partes possam optar por um procedimento ‘acelerado’ ou ‘de via rápida’, que visa proferir uma sentença definitiva no prazo de 3 a 6 meses a contar do início do processo.
Confidencialidade: Ao contrário dos processos judiciais nacionais, que são frequentemente públicos, a arbitragem internacional é normalmente conduzida a portas fechadas, permitindo que as partes acordem em manter a existência e o conteúdo da arbitragem confidenciais.
De que forma a RFB Legal me pode ajudar?
If you need advice or assistance regarding International Arbitration matters or wish to refer your dispute to International Arbitration, please contact Jonathan Chan (j.chan@rfblegal.co.uk) or our Arbitration Team (Arbitration@rfblegal.co.uk).
Jonathan Chan
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