Haziran 2024'te onaylanmasının ardından 1 Temmuz 2025 itibariyle Birleşik Krallık resmi olarak 2019 Medeni veya Ticari Konularda Yabancı Mahkeme Kararlarının Tanınması ve Tenfizine İlişkin Lahey Sözleşmesi.
This marks a key milestone in the UK’s post-Brexit legal landscape, strengthening cross-border cooperation and simplifying the enforcement of court judgments between the UK, the EU, and other signatory states.
Lahey Kararlar Sözleşmesi nedir?
The 2019 Hague Convention provides a uniform legal framework for recognising and enforcing civil ve ticari judgments across member countries. It eliminates the need to re-litigate cases in foreign jurisdictions, allowing judgments issued in one country to be enforced in another via a simplified registration process.
This is particularly relevant for businesses engaged in international trade and contracts, where swift and reliable enforcement of court decisions is essential.
Ticari Taraflar için Temel Avantajlar
UK businesses currently face delays and added complexity when seeking to enforce judgments abroad. The Convention addresses this by offering a clearer, more consistent approach, helping reduce legal costs, uncertainty, and duplication of proceedings.
Yasal Kesinlik ve Verimlilik
The Convention provides UK companies and consumers with increased confidence that UK court judgments will be recognised and enforced in other contracting states—and vice versa. This predictability encourages cross-border trade, investment, and uyuşmazlık çözümü.
Brexit Sonrası Uygulama Açığının Kapatılması
AB'den ayrıldığından bu yana Birleşik Krallık artık AB'nin bir parçası değildir. Brüksel Yeniden Düzenleme Yönetmeliği ve Lugano Konvansiyonu, which previously facilitated enforcement across the EU and EFTA states. The 2019 Hague Convention fills much of this void, although it does not govern jurisdiction allocation.
Ticari Uyuşmazlıkların Çözümü için Destek
Yeni Sözleşme aşağıdaki hususları tamamlamaktadır 2005 Hague Convention on Choice of Court Agreements, extending enforcement protections to non-exclusive jurisdiction agreements. This strengthens the UK’s attractiveness as a forum for resolving international dispute.
Maliyet ve Zaman Tasarrufu
Particularly beneficial for KOBİ'ler, Sözleşme'nin yabancı mahkeme kararlarının icrasında yasal ücretleri ve gecikmeleri azaltması, adalete erişimi iyileştirmesi ve sınır ötesi işlemlerde alacak tahsilini kolaylaştırması beklenmektedir.
Zorluklar ve Sınırlamalar
Sınırlı Kapsam ve İstisnalar
The Convention applies only to specific civil and commercial matters. It excludes areas such as family law and certain personal injury claims, meaning some cases will still require traditional enforcement mechanisms.
Yargı Standartlarına İlişkin Endişeler
Recognising judgments from countries with lower judicial transparency or fairness raises potential concerns. The UK government has stated it will actively monitor new members joining the Convention and may issue declarations to restrict enforcement where necessary.
Yargı Yetkisinin Paylaştırılmasına İlişkin Kural Yok
Sözleşme, bir uyuşmazlığa hangi ülkenin mahkemelerinin bakması gerektiğini belirlemez. Yargı yetkisine ilişkin sorunlar ulusal yasalar veya diğer uluslararası anlaşmalar çerçevesinde çözülmeye devam edecektir.
Sonuç
The UK’s accession to the 2019 Hague Judgments Convention is a major advancement in re-establishing international legal cooperation after Brexit. It introduces a clearer and more efficient system for cross-border enforcement of civil and commercial judgments, benefiting UK businesses, consumers, and the broader legal sector.
While some limitations remain—such as exclusions in scope and concerns over fairness in certain jurisdictions—the Convention is expected to strengthen the UK’s position as a preferred venue for dispute resolution and promote smoother global trade and investment.
If you require any assistance in relation to enforcing a foreign judgment in the UK or a judgment outside of the UK, please contact Partner Jonathan Chan at J.Chan@rfblegal.co.uk.
Jonathan Chan
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