{"id":8906,"date":"2026-03-20T14:43:44","date_gmt":"2026-03-20T14:43:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/?post_type=insight&p=8906"},"modified":"2026-04-07T11:31:55","modified_gmt":"2026-04-07T11:31:55","slug":"hisse-satin-alma-sozlesmelerindeki-garantiler-ve-tazminat-yukumlulukleri","status":"publish","type":"insight","link":"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/tr\/icgoruler\/warranties-and-indemnities-in-share-purchase-agreements\/","title":{"rendered":"Hisse Al\u0131m S\u00f6zle\u015fmelerindeki Garanti ve Tazminatlar\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nedir, neden \u00f6nemlidir ve hangi s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar vard\u0131r? <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir \u015firketin sat\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131, \u00e7o\u011fu al\u0131c\u0131 i\u00e7in hayatlar\u0131 boyunca verecekleri en \u00f6nemli ticari kararlardan biridir. Basit bir varl\u0131k sat\u0131n al\u0131m\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 olarak, hisse sat\u0131n almak, \u015firketi b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle \u2014 varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini, ge\u00e7mi\u015fini ve bilinen ya da bilinmeyen t\u00fcm y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini \u2014 devralmak anlam\u0131na gelir. Al\u0131c\u0131, sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7er ve \u015firketin beraberinde getirdi\u011fi her \u015feyi devral\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu ger\u00e7eklik, acil bir sorun ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmaktad\u0131r: Bir al\u0131c\u0131, durum tespiti s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyebilecek sorunlara kar\u015f\u0131 nas\u0131l yeterli koruma sa\u011flayabilir? \u0130ngiliz hukukunda bu sorunun cevab\u0131, esas olarak iyi haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f her hisse sat\u0131n alma s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde (SPA) yer alan iki s\u00f6zle\u015fme mekanizmas\u0131nda yatmaktad\u0131r: garantiler ve tazminat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu h\u00fck\u00fcmler, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc sat\u0131n alma i\u015fleminin ticari \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturur. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcmler, al\u0131c\u0131 ile sat\u0131c\u0131 aras\u0131nda riski payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r, sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n sorumluluk kapsam\u0131n\u0131 belirler ve i\u015flemin beyan edilenden \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde farkl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 durumunda al\u0131c\u0131ya icra edilebilir hukuk yollar\u0131 sunar. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin nas\u0131l i\u015fledi\u011fini, birbirlerinden nas\u0131l farkl\u0131 olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ve kapsamlar\u0131n\u0131n genellikle nas\u0131l s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak, herhangi bir i\u015flemin her iki taraf\u0131 i\u00e7in de hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu makalede, Ronald Fletcher Baker LLP\u2019nin \u015firketler ve ticaret hukuku ekibi, bu sorular\u0131n her birini s\u0131ras\u0131yla ele almaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Garantiler Neden Gereklidir?<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bir al\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015firketin hisselerini sat\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u201ccaveat emptor\u201d (al\u0131c\u0131 dikkatli olsun) ilkesi genel hukuk kurallar\u0131 gere\u011fi ge\u00e7erlidir. \u0130\u015flem s\u0131ras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131k veya z\u0131mni beyanlara tabi olmak kayd\u0131yla, al\u0131c\u0131 \u015firketi oldu\u011fu gibi kabul eder. \u015eirketin, al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6dedi\u011fi bedel kadar de\u011ferinde oldu\u011funa, hesaplar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru oldu\u011funa veya a\u00e7\u0131klanmam\u0131\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair z\u0131mni bir garanti yoktur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Durum tespiti \u2014 al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n, i\u015flem \u00f6ncesinde hedef \u015firketi inceledi\u011fi s\u00fcre\u00e7 \u2014 bu riski azaltmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur, ancak tamamen ortadan kald\u0131ramaz. Durum tespiti s\u0131ras\u0131nda sa\u011flanan bilgiler, sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n if\u015fa etti\u011fi bilgilerin g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi kadar g\u00fcvenilirdir ve en kapsaml\u0131 inceleme bile bir i\u015fletmedeki t\u00fcm gizli sorunlar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karamayabilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Garantiler bu bo\u015flu\u011fu doldurur. Sat\u0131c\u0131, al\u0131c\u0131ya i\u015fletmenin durumu hakk\u0131nda \u2014 hesaplar\u0131n do\u011frulu\u011fu, \u015firketin s\u00f6zle\u015fmesel taahh\u00fctleri, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131, fikri m\u00fclkiyeti, vergi durumu ve y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki yasalara uygunlu\u011fu gibi konular\u0131 kapsayan \u2014 bir dizi s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye dayal\u0131 g\u00fcvence vererek, asl\u0131nda \u015funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015f olur: \u201cSat\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u015fey budur ve ben bunun arkas\u0131nda duruyorum.\u201d. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir garantinin do\u011fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karsa ve al\u0131c\u0131 bu nedenle zarara u\u011frarsa, al\u0131c\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye dayal\u0131 bir tazminat talebinde bulunma hakk\u0131na sahiptir. Sat\u0131\u015f S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi (SPA), durum tespiti s\u00fcrecinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan hususlar\u0131 ve yasan\u0131n aksi takdirde sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 korumay\u0131 tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 nitelikte \u00f6zel bir koruma sistemi olu\u015fturur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6nemli Nokta: Garantiler, al\u0131c\u0131ya i\u015flemin tamamlanmas\u0131ndan sonra s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden \u00e7ekilme hakk\u0131 vermez.<\/em> Sat\u0131\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi (SPA) imzaland\u0131ktan sonra, garanti ihlali durumunda al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fvurabilece\u011fi tek yol, tazminat talebinde bulunmakt\u0131r; s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin feshine de\u011fil.<\/em> Bu durum, garantilerin do\u011frulu\u011funu ve kapsam\u0131n\u0131 ve bunlara getirilen s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131n yeterlili\u011fini son derece \u00f6nemli hale getirmektedir.<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tazminatlar Neden Gereklidir?<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Garantiler geni\u015f ve genel bir koruma sa\u011flar \u2014 ancak \u00f6nemli s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar da i\u00e7erir. Bir garanti talebinde tazminat tutar\u0131, hisselerin ger\u00e7ek de\u011feri ile garantinin do\u011fru olmas\u0131 durumunda sahip olacaklar\u0131 de\u011fer aras\u0131ndaki farkt\u0131r. Bu, genellikle \u2018de\u011fer kayb\u0131\u2019 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fc olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. Bu durumda al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n, garantinin yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu, bu yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n de\u011fer kayb\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlamas\u0131 ve s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fer kayb\u0131n\u0131 nicel olarak belirlemesi gerekir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baz\u0131 riskler s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda bu yakla\u015f\u0131m yetersiz kal\u0131r. Bilinen veya tespit edilebilir bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn mevcut oldu\u011fu durumlarda \u2014 \u00f6rne\u011fin HMRC ile bir vergi anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131lan ki\u015fisel yaralanma davas\u0131 ya da devralma tarihinden \u00f6nce ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi \u2014 al\u0131c\u0131, olay ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftikten sonra de\u011fer kayb\u0131 konusunda tart\u0131\u015fmaya girmek istemez. Al\u0131c\u0131, net bir taahh\u00fct ister: bu y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck kesinle\u015firse, \u00f6demeyi siz yapacaks\u0131n\u0131z. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tazminat tam da bunu sa\u011flar. Tazminat, belirli bir zarar\u0131n meydana gelmesi durumunda sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131c\u0131ya zarar\u0131n tam olarak kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6deyece\u011fine dair verdi\u011fi taahh\u00fctt\u00fcr. Garanti talebinden farkl\u0131 olarak, ihlali kan\u0131tlama gere\u011fi yoktur, hisse de\u011ferinde bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterme zorunlulu\u011fu yoktur ve zarar\u0131 hafifletme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de yoktur. Tazminat gerektiren olay meydana gelirse, sat\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6deme yapar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tazminatlar \u00f6zellikle a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki durumlarda b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Durum tespiti s\u00fcrecinde, i\u015flemin tamamlanmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce giderilemeyecek belirli bir risk tespit edilmi\u015ftir. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    1. Sat\u0131c\u0131, aksi takdirde al\u0131c\u0131ya fiyat\u0131 yeniden m\u00fczakere etme gerek\u00e7esi verecek nitelikte bir bilgiyi a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      1. Bilinen bir ko\u015fullu y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck mevcuttur \u2014 \u00f6rne\u011fin bir vergi tahakkuku veya d\u00fczenleyici kurum taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bir soru\u015fturma \u2014 ve taraflar bu riski kimin \u00fcstlenece\u011fi konusunda kesinlik ar\u0131yorlar. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        1. \u015eirketin proje tamamlanmadan \u00f6nceki davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131, \u00e7evresel iyile\u015ftirme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri gibi gelecekteki taleplere yol a\u00e7abilir. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          1. Taraflar, if\u015fa s\u00fcrecinin tamamen d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan bir riski ele almak istemektedirler; b\u00f6ylece if\u015fa, al\u0131m-sat\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesindeki talebi ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131lmaz. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

             Pratik Bilgi: Tazminat h\u00fck\u00fcmleri, hisse sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131nda s\u0131kl\u0131kla bir m\u00fczakere arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bilinen bir risk nedeniyle fiyat indirimini kabul etmemesi durumunda, tazminat h\u00fckm\u00fc, anla\u015f\u0131lan fiyattan i\u015flemin devam etmesini sa\u011flarken, riskin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi halinde al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131 da garanti eder.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n maruz kalaca\u011f\u0131 risk, fiili zararla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r \u2014 sorumluluk kesinle\u015fmedik\u00e7e herhangi bir \u00f6deme yapmazlar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Garantiler ve Tazminat Taahh\u00fctleri: Bir Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

            Garanti ve tazminat aras\u0131ndaki farklar sadece teorik de\u011fildir; bu farklar, taleplerin nas\u0131l ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclece\u011fi, hangi zararlar\u0131n tazmin edilebilece\u011fi ve sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n hangi korumalara sahip kalaca\u011f\u0131 konusunda son derece somut pratik sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furur. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda temel farklar \u00f6zetlenmi\u015ftir: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

              <\/td>Garanti<\/strong> <\/td>Tazminat<\/strong> <\/td><\/tr>
            Do\u011fa<\/strong> <\/td>Bir olgunun do\u011fru oldu\u011funa dair s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye dayal\u0131 bir taahh\u00fct. <\/td>Belirli bir zarar\u0131 pound ba\u015f\u0131na pound olarak tazmin etmeye y\u00f6nelik s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye dayal\u0131 bir taahh\u00fct. <\/td><\/tr>
            Tetikleyici<\/strong> <\/td>\u0130hlal \u2014 beyan\u0131n, s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihte (veya s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin tekrarlanmas\u0131 durumunda, i\u015flemin tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihte) yanl\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir. <\/td>Bir varl\u0131k sat\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, belirli bir olay\u0131n veya zarar\u0131n meydana gelmesi; bunun, herhangi bir ki\u015finin \u2018kusuru\u2019 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n. <\/td><\/tr>
            Zarar hesaplamas\u0131<\/strong> <\/td>Hisse senetlerinin de\u011fer kayb\u0131 \u2014 al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6dedi\u011fi tutar ile garanti ge\u00e7erli olsayd\u0131 \u00f6deyece\u011fi tutar aras\u0131ndaki fark. <\/td>Ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen zarar\u0131n, pound ba\u015f\u0131na hesaplanmas\u0131. De\u011fer kayb\u0131 testi uygulanmaz. <\/td><\/tr>
            Zarar\u0131 hafifletme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/strong> <\/td>Evet \u2014 al\u0131c\u0131, zarar\u0131n\u0131 en aza indirmek i\u00e7in makul \u00f6nlemleri almal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/td>Genellikle hay\u0131r \u2014 tazminat \u00f6deyen taraf sadece zarar\u0131 telafi eder. <\/td><\/tr>
            Uzakl\u0131k<\/strong> <\/td>Uygulan\u0131r \u2014 zararlar\u0131n telafi edilebilir olamayacak kadar uzak olmamas\u0131 gerekir. <\/td>Genel olarak ge\u00e7erli de\u011fildir \u2014 zarar, tazminat kapsam\u0131na giriyorsa telafi edilebilir. <\/td><\/tr>
            A\u00e7\u0131klama<\/strong> <\/td>Bir garantiye ayk\u0131r\u0131 bilgilendirme, hak talebini engeller. Al\u0131c\u0131, bildirilen hususlara ili\u015fkin riski \u00fcstlenir. <\/td>Bilgilendirme, tazminat talebini ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131lmaz. Tazminat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, neyin a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funa bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n ge\u00e7erlidir. <\/td><\/tr>
            Tipik kullan\u0131m<\/strong> <\/td>\u0130\u015fletmenin genelinde yanl\u0131\u015f beyanlara kar\u015f\u0131 genel koruma \u2014 muhasebe, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler, davalar, fikri m\u00fclkiyet, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar, vergi vb. <\/td>Belirli ve tespit edilmi\u015f riskler \u2014 bilinen vergi y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri, \u00e7evresel kirlilik, devam eden davalar, projenin tamamlanmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nceki faaliyetler. <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

            Bu ayr\u0131mlar\u0131n pratikteki \u00f6nemi olduk\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Tazminat taahh\u00fcd\u00fcn\u00fcn daha uygun olaca\u011f\u0131 bir durumda \u2014 \u00f6rne\u011fin, belirli ve tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f bir vergi riskiyle ilgili olarak \u2014 garantiye g\u00fcvenen bir al\u0131c\u0131, telafi edilebilir zarar\u0131n, y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn ger\u00e7ek maliyetinden \u00e7ok daha az oldu\u011funu fark edebilir. Tersine, geni\u015f bir \u015fekilde tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f bir risk kategorisine kar\u015f\u0131 tazminat vermeyi kabul eden bir sat\u0131c\u0131, \u00f6ng\u00f6rmedi\u011fi y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalabilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Bu nedenle, dikkatli ve titiz bir taslak haz\u0131rlama s\u00fcreci \u2014 ve hangi risk i\u00e7in hangi mekanizman\u0131n uygun oldu\u011funa dair net bir kavray\u0131\u015f \u2014 hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            A\u00e7\u0131klama S\u00fcreci ve Garantilerle Etkile\u015fimi<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

            Bir garanti talebinin kabul edilebilmesi i\u00e7in, garantinin ger\u00e7e\u011fe ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmas\u0131 ve al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu husustan \u00f6nceden haberdar olmamas\u0131 gerekir; bu da garanti ve tazminat sigortas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte bu noktada, bilgilendirme s\u00fcreci hayati \u00f6nem kazan\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Sat\u0131c\u0131 genellikle, Hisse Sat\u0131\u015f Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019nda (SPA) verilen garantilere ili\u015fkin belirli a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 i\u00e7eren bir a\u00e7\u0131klama mektubu haz\u0131rlar. Adil ve a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131klanan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc husus, ilgili garantiyi s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131r; yani al\u0131c\u0131, varl\u0131k sat\u0131n alma anla\u015fmalar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda bu hususla ilgili herhangi bir talepte bulunamaz. A\u00e7\u0131klanan hususa ili\u015fkin risk, \u00fczerinde anla\u015fmaya var\u0131lan i\u015flemin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak al\u0131c\u0131ya ge\u00e7er. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Bu durum, sat\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca fazla bilgiyi a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 ve al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 dikkatle incelemeleri i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir te\u015fvik olu\u015fturur. Uzun bir a\u00e7\u0131klama mektubunda \u00f6nemli bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gizleyen bir sat\u0131c\u0131, bu y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckle ilgili bir garanti talebinden korunabilir. A\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fi gibi incelemeden s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi imzalayan bir al\u0131c\u0131, fark\u0131nda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 riskleri fiilen kabul etmi\u015f oldu\u011funu fark edebilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Tazminatlarla \u0130lgili \u00d6nemli Fark<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

            Tazminat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerinin \u00f6nemli bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi \u2014 ve bunlar\u0131 garantilerden a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ay\u0131ran bir unsur \u2014 bilgilendirme yapman\u0131n tazminat talebini ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131lmaz. Sat\u0131c\u0131, tazminat talebine yol a\u00e7an hususu bildirmi\u015f olsa bile, tazminat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yine de ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini korur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Bu, tazminat\u0131n hisse sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131nda belirli bir zarar\u0131 telafi etme vaadi olarak niteli\u011fini yans\u0131tmaktad\u0131r. Taraflar, bilginin if\u015fas\u0131 konusunda ne olursa olsun, bu \u00f6zel riski sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcstlenece\u011fi konusunda mutab\u0131k kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu nedenle, tazminatlar \u00f6zellikle sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n gelecekte bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck do\u011furacak bir bilgiyi if\u015fa etmi\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n do\u011frudan tazminat alma hakk\u0131 olmadan bu riski \u00fcstlenmek istemedi\u011fi durumlarda b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Garantiler ve tazminat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri genellikle nas\u0131l s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

            Al\u0131c\u0131lar do\u011fal olarak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en geni\u015f korumay\u0131 ararken, sat\u0131c\u0131lar s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z sorumlulu\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r. Uygulamada, her hisse devri s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi (SPA) sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n maruz kalabilece\u011fi risklere ili\u015fkin bir dizi s\u0131n\u0131rlama i\u00e7erir. Bu s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar yo\u011fun m\u00fczakerelere konu olur ve her t\u00fcrl\u00fc i\u015flemin ticari a\u00e7\u0131dan en \u00f6nemli unsurlar\u0131ndan birini olu\u015fturur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, \u0130ngiliz hukukundaki hisse devri s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde (SPA) en s\u0131k rastlanan s\u0131n\u0131rlama kategorileri yer almaktad\u0131r: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            1. Mali S\u0131n\u0131r<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

            Sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n garantiler (ve bazen tazminat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri) kapsam\u0131ndaki toplam sorumlulu\u011fu, genellikle bir azami tutarla \u2014 yani \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131rla \u2014 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n seviyesi, ticari m\u00fczakerelerde kilit bir konudur. Sat\u0131c\u0131lar, \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131n\u0131 isterken; al\u0131c\u0131lar ise \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n sat\u0131n alma bedelinin tamam\u0131n\u0131 veya bunun \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131tmas\u0131n\u0131 talep ederler. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Yayg\u0131n kapak yap\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n
            • Genellikle toplam bedelin belirli bir y\u00fczdesini temsil eden sabit bir tutar (\u00f6rne\u011fin, sat\u0131n alma fiyat\u0131n\u0131n %\u2019si, %\u2019si veya 0%\u2019si). <\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Temel garantiler (hisse senetlerinin m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 ve yetki gibi) i\u00e7in daha y\u00fcksek bir \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r ve genel ticari garantiler i\u00e7in daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r i\u00e7eren kademeli bir yap\u0131. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Vergi tazminatlar\u0131 ve belirli tazminatlar s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r ayr\u0131 olarak belirlenebilir; bu s\u0131n\u0131r genellikle sat\u0131n alma bedelinin tamam\u0131 veya ilgili y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn de\u011feri olarak belirlenir. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

              2. De Minimis E\u015fi\u011fi<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

              De minimis e\u015fi\u011fi, tek bir ihlaldan kaynaklanan zarar\u0131n asgari bir de\u011feri a\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n garanti talebinde bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 engeller. Bu durum, sat\u0131c\u0131y\u0131, harcanan \u00e7abayla orant\u0131s\u0131z olan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck taleplere kar\u015f\u0131 savunma yapman\u0131n getirece\u011fi maliyet ve aksakl\u0131klardan korur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

              De minimis e\u015fi\u011fi genellikle sabit bir tutar olarak ifade edilir \u2014 \u00f6rne\u011fin, tutar\u0131 25.000 \u00a3 veya 50.000 \u00a3\u2019u a\u015fmayan hi\u00e7bir talep a\u00e7\u0131lmaz. Bu e\u015fi\u011fin alt\u0131ndaki talepler ise dikkate al\u0131nmaz. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

              3. Toplam E\u015fik (\u2018Sepet\u2019)<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

              De minimis e\u015fi\u011fiyle yak\u0131ndan ili\u015fkili olan toplam e\u015fik \u2014 genellikle \u2018sepet\u2019 veya \u2018e\u015fik sepeti\u2019 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r \u2014 t\u00fcm taleplerin toplam de\u011feri (her biri de minimis e\u015fi\u011fini a\u015fan) belirli bir toplam tutara ula\u015fana kadar al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n herhangi bir garanti talebinde bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 engeller. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \u0130ki yayg\u0131n sepet yap\u0131s\u0131 kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n
              • E\u015fik tutar\u0131 (veya \u2018e\u015fik\u2019) \u2014 toplam e\u015fik tutar\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, al\u0131c\u0131, bir varl\u0131k sat\u0131\u015f\u0131nda e\u015fi\u011fi a\u015fan kay\u0131plar da dahil olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm kay\u0131plar\u0131n tam tutar\u0131n\u0131 talep edebilir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • A\u015f\u0131m tutar\u0131 (veya \u2018muafiyet\u2019) \u2014 e\u015fik tutara ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, al\u0131c\u0131 yaln\u0131zca e\u015fik tutar\u0131n \u00fczerindeki kay\u0131plar i\u00e7in tazminat talebinde bulunabilir. Kay\u0131plar\u0131n ilk k\u0131sm\u0131, bir sigorta muafiyetine benzer \u015fekilde a\u015f\u0131m tutar\u0131 olarak i\u015flev g\u00f6r\u00fcr. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                Hisse ve varl\u0131k sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda, \u201ctipping basket\u201d genellikle al\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7in, \u201cexcess basket\u201d ise sat\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7in daha avantajl\u0131d\u0131r. Sat\u0131\u015f ve sat\u0131n alma s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde hangi yap\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7erli olaca\u011f\u0131, m\u00fczakere konusu bir husustur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                4. S\u00fcre S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                Sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n garantiler kapsam\u0131ndaki sorumlulu\u011fu, zaman s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131na tabidir. Talepler, i\u015fin tamamlanmas\u0131ndan sonra belirlenen s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde resmi olarak bildirilmelidir; aksi takdirde talep zaman a\u015f\u0131m\u0131na u\u011frar. Vergi tazminatlar\u0131 veya belirli tazminatlar i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 ve genellikle daha uzun s\u00fcreler ge\u00e7erli olabilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u0130ngiliz hukukundaki hisse devri s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde (SPA) s\u0131kl\u0131kla rastlanan zaman s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                • Genel ticari garantiler \u2014 \u0130\u015fin tamamlanmas\u0131ndan itibaren 18 ay ila 3 y\u0131l. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Vergi garantileri ve vergi tazminat\u0131 \u2014 \u0130\u015fin tamamlanmas\u0131ndan itibaren 7 y\u0131l (vergi tahakkuklar\u0131 i\u00e7in yasal zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcresini yans\u0131tan) veya giderek daha yayg\u0131n olarak, ilgili hesap d\u00f6neminin yedinci y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde sona eren s\u00fcre. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • M\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 ve nitelik garantileri (temel garantiler) \u2014 genellikle 6 y\u0131ll\u0131k tam yasal zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcresi, bazen de daha uzun. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                  \u0130lgili s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde bir talebin bildirilmesinin genellikle tek ba\u015f\u0131na yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat etmek \u00f6nemlidir. Sat\u0131\u015f S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi (SPA), genellikle al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bildirimden sonra belirlenen ek bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde (genellikle 6 ila 12 ay) resmi hukuki i\u015flemleri ba\u015flatmas\u0131n\u0131 \u015fart ko\u015far; aksi takdirde talep ge\u00e7ersiz hale gelir ve bu da s\u00f6z konusu maddenin \u00f6nemini vurgular. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  5. Bilgi ve Yeterlilikler<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                  Bir Sat\u0131\u015f ve Devir S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019ndeki (SPA) bir\u00e7ok garanti, sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bilgisine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r \u2014 bu bilgi, ya fiili bilgi ya da varsay\u0131lan bilgi (sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bilmesi gerekenler) olabilir. Bilgiye ba\u011fl\u0131 bir garanti, ancak sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n ilgili husustan haberdar olmas\u0131 (ya da haberdar olmas\u0131 gerekmesi) durumunda ihlal edilmi\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Bilgi \u015fartlar\u0131, al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n hak talebinde bulunma imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde s\u0131n\u0131rlamaktad\u0131r. Bu \u015fartlar s\u0131kl\u0131kla zorlu pazarl\u0131klar\u0131n konusu olur; al\u0131c\u0131lar garantilerin mutlak temelde verilmesini talep ederken, sat\u0131c\u0131lar ise m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca geni\u015f kapsaml\u0131 bilgi \u015fartlar\u0131 belirlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Yayg\u0131n uzla\u015fma \u00f6rnekleri \u015funlard\u0131r: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \n
                  • Bilgiyi, sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n kurulu\u015fu i\u00e7inde ilgili bilgiye sahip olma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 en y\u00fcksek olan belirli ve isimleri belirtilen ki\u015filere s\u0131n\u0131rlamak. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • \u2018Bilgi\u2019 kavram\u0131n\u0131, ilgili ki\u015filerin makul bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapsalard\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karabilecekleri hususlar\u0131 da kapsayacak \u015fekilde tan\u0131mlamak. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Bilgi \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 genel olarak uygulamak yerine, ticari a\u00e7\u0131dan hakl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc durumlarda belirli garantilerle s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmak. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                    6. Vergi Tazminat Taleplerine \u0130li\u015fkin S\u0131n\u0131rlamalar<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                    Vergi tazminatlar\u0131, genellikle hisse devri s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi (SPA) kapsam\u0131nda ya da \u00f6zel bir vergi taahh\u00fctnamesi veya vergi senedinde kendi ayr\u0131 zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 kurallar\u0131na tabidir. Yayg\u0131n zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcreleri \u015funlard\u0131r: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      \n
                    • Al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n, herhangi bir vergi talebini sat\u0131c\u0131ya derhal bildirme ve HMRC ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilecek her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ihtilaf\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesini sat\u0131c\u0131ya devretme (veya bu ihtilaflara kat\u0131lma hakk\u0131n\u0131 sat\u0131c\u0131ya verme) y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • Al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n, sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n r\u0131zas\u0131 olmadan herhangi bir vergi borcunu \u00f6demesine ili\u015fkin bir k\u0131s\u0131tlama. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • Al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n ilgili zarar\u0131 bir \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraftan (\u00f6rne\u011fin bir sigorta \u015firketinden veya bir garanti ve tazminat (W&I) sigorta poli\u00e7esi kapsam\u0131nda) telafi etmesi durumunda sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n sorumlulu\u011funda meydana gelen azalma. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • \u0130\u015flemin tamamlanmas\u0131ndan sonra meydana gelen yasal de\u011fi\u015fiklikler veya HMRC uygulamalar\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fikliklere ili\u015fkin istisnalar. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                      7. Tazminat Taleplerinin Y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                      Bir\u00e7ok Sat\u0131\u015f ve Sat\u0131n Alma S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi (SPA), al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n sat\u0131c\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 bir garanti veya tazminat talebine yol a\u00e7abilecek \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf taleplerini nas\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fctmesi gerekti\u011fini d\u00fczenleyen h\u00fck\u00fcmler i\u00e7erir. Sat\u0131c\u0131lar genellikle \u015funlar\u0131 \u015fart ko\u015far: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        \n
                      • Tazminat talebine yol a\u00e7abilecek her t\u00fcrl\u00fc durumun derhal bildirilmesi. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      • \u0130lgili \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf davalar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesini devralma hakk\u0131. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      • Al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n, r\u0131za olmaks\u0131z\u0131n sorumluluk kabul etmemesi veya uzla\u015fma sa\u011flamamas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                        Bu \u015fartlara uyulmamas\u0131, al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n hak talebinde bulunma hakk\u0131n\u0131 azaltabilir veya ortadan kald\u0131rabilir; bu nedenle al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n bu \u015fartlar\u0131 anlamalar\u0131 ve bunlara uymalar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        8. Garanti ve Tazminat (W&I) Sigortas\u0131<\/strong> <\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                        \u0130ngiliz birle\u015fme ve devralma (M&A) i\u015flemlerinde giderek yayg\u0131nla\u015fan bir \u00f6zellik, W&I sigortas\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r \u2014 bu sigorta poli\u00e7esi, hisse sat\u0131n alma s\u00f6zle\u015fmesindeki (SPA) garanti ihlallerinden (ve bazen tazminat taleplerinden) kaynaklanan zararlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lar. W&I sigortas\u0131, sat\u0131c\u0131lara garantiler kapsam\u0131nda i\u015flem tamamland\u0131ktan sonraki sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlama veya ortadan kald\u0131rma imk\u00e2n\u0131 verirken, al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n tam koruma alt\u0131nda kalmas\u0131n\u0131 da sa\u011flar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        W&I sigortas\u0131n\u0131n mevcut oldu\u011fu durumlarda, al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n tazminat talebinde sat\u0131c\u0131 yerine sigortac\u0131ya ba\u015fvurmas\u0131n\u0131n beklendi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle, SPA\u2019daki s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar genellikle \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir seviyede (hatta s\u0131f\u0131rda) belirlenir. Bu durum, \u00f6zel sermaye ve b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli birle\u015fme ve sat\u0131n alma i\u015flemlerinde standart bir uygulama haline gelmi\u015ftir ve orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli i\u015flemlerde de giderek daha yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        Sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n Bak\u0131\u015f A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131: S\u0131n\u0131rlamalar Neden \u00d6nemlidir?<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                        Sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, garanti ve tazminat sorumlulu\u011funa ili\u015fkin s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar yaln\u0131zca bir m\u00fczakere takti\u011fi de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda ticari bir zorunluluktur. Uygun s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar olmadan, bir i\u015flemi tamamlayan sat\u0131c\u0131, bedeli ald\u0131ktan ve i\u015fini bitirdikten sonra bile y\u0131llarca taleplere maruz kalabilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        Sat\u0131c\u0131lar, Sat\u0131\u015f S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019nde (SPA) m\u00fczakere edilen s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131n, i\u015flemin yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lma \u015fekliyle uygun \u015fekilde uyumlu oldu\u011fundan emin olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \n
                        • \u00d6deme bedelinde ertelenmi\u015f \u00f6deme veya k\u00e2r pay\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmleri bulunuyorsa, sat\u0131c\u0131, al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n garanti taleplerini \u00f6denmesi gereken tutarlardan mahsup edip etmeyece\u011fini de\u011ferlendirmelidir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        • Birden fazla sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu durumlarda (\u00f6rne\u011fin, y\u00f6netim taraf\u0131ndan \u015firketin sat\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 veya yat\u0131r\u0131mdan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f senaryosunda), sat\u0131c\u0131lar aras\u0131ndaki sorumluluk da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u2014 ve her birinin m\u00fcteselsilen mi yoksa yaln\u0131zca ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 m\u0131 sorumlu oldu\u011fu \u2014 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belgelenmelidir. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        • Sat\u0131c\u0131lar, t\u00fcm bilgilerin bilgilendirme mektubunda usul\u00fcne uygun olarak belirtildi\u011finden emin olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7ok k\u0131sa olan veya Sat\u0131\u015f ve Devir S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019nde (SPA) \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen ayr\u0131nt\u0131 d\u00fczeyine sahip olmayan bir bilgilendirme, ge\u00e7erli olmayabilir. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                          Al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n Bak\u0131\u015f A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131: Hisse sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131nda do\u011fru dengeyi kurmak.<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                          Al\u0131c\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, Hisse Sat\u0131\u015f S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019nde (SPA) m\u00fczakere edilen garantiler ve tazminat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri, yap\u0131lan yat\u0131r\u0131m i\u00e7in temel s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye dayal\u0131 korumay\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Bu korumalar, durum tespiti s\u0131ras\u0131nda belirlenen risklerle orant\u0131l\u0131 olmal\u0131 ve ticari a\u00e7\u0131dan anlams\u0131z hale getirecek kadar a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 derecede s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          Al\u0131c\u0131lar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki hususlara dikkat etmelidir: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            \n
                          • Y\u00f6netim ekibinin bilgisi dahilindeki konularda garantileri fiilen ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131lan, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 geni\u015f kapsaml\u0131 bilgi gereklilikleri. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • Bildirim i\u00e7in \u00e7ok k\u0131sa s\u00fcre s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131; bu s\u00fcreler, ilgili sorunun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce dolabilir \u2014 \u00f6zellikle ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki mali performansla ilgili konularda. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • \u00d6nemli bir garanti ihlali durumunda meydana gelebilecek potansiyel zarar\u0131 yeterince yans\u0131tmayan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131rlar. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • Herhangi bir talepte bulunulabilmesi i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek bir toplam e\u015fik de\u011feri gerektiren sepet yap\u0131lar\u0131. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • Al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf davalar\u0131nda kendini korumak i\u00e7in gerekli ad\u0131mlar\u0131 atmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyecek kadar k\u0131s\u0131tlay\u0131c\u0131 nitelikteki ihtilaf hallerine ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmler. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                            Do\u011fru \u015fekilde bilgilendirilmi\u015f al\u0131c\u0131lar, ticari a\u00e7\u0131dan kabul edilemez k\u0131s\u0131tlamalara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kacak ve garanti ile tazminat paketinin ger\u00e7ek ve uygulanabilir bir koruma sa\u011flamas\u0131n\u0131 garanti alt\u0131na almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015facakt\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            Sonu\u00e7<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                            Garantiler ve tazminat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc hisse sat\u0131n alma s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde risk da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n temel ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Bu unsurlar bir arada, al\u0131c\u0131ya devralaca\u011f\u0131 i\u015fletmenin durumu hakk\u0131nda g\u00fcvence sa\u011flarken, bu g\u00fcvencenin yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 durumunda da al\u0131c\u0131ya hukuki yollara ba\u015fvurma imk\u00e2n\u0131 sunar. Sat\u0131c\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ise, kendisine getirilen s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar, i\u015flemin tamamlanmas\u0131ndan sonraki risklerin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 belirler. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            Bu dengeyi do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde kurmak, deneyim, beceri ve hem s\u00f6z konusu hukuki ilkeler hem de i\u015flemin ticari dinamikleri hakk\u0131nda kapsaml\u0131 bir anlay\u0131\u015f gerektirir. K\u00f6t\u00fc bir \u015fekilde kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f garantiler, ele almay\u0131 ama\u00e7lad\u0131klar\u0131 riskleri kapsamayan tazminat h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ve ya \u00e7ok geni\u015f ya da \u00e7ok dar kapsaml\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar, her iki taraf i\u00e7in de \u00f6nemli mali sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furabilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            Ronald Fletcher Baker LLP\u2019de, \u015firketler ve ticaret hukuku ekibimiz, i\u015fletme sahibi taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen i\u015fletmelerin sat\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan karma\u015f\u0131k \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131 sat\u0131n al\u0131mlara kadar geni\u015f bir yelpazedeki i\u015flemlerde hem al\u0131c\u0131lara hem de sat\u0131c\u0131lara dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k konusunda kapsaml\u0131 bir deneyime sahiptir. M\u00fc\u015fterilerimizle yak\u0131n i\u015fbirli\u011fi i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak, hisse devri s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerindeki (SPA) garanti ve tazminat h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygun \u015fekilde uyarlanmas\u0131n\u0131, net bir \u015fekilde kaleme al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 ve ticari a\u00e7\u0131dan sa\u011flam olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yoruz. <\/p>","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":8907,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[65],"tags":[87],"class_list":["post-8906","insight","type-insight","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-corporate","tag-richmond-office"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t