Uluslararas\u0131 r\u00fc\u015fvetle m\u00fccadeleye y\u00f6nelik mevzuat hakk\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 makalesinin ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, Ceza Davalar\u0131 avukat\u0131 Ellen Sanchenko, kendi kendilerini ihbar eden \u015firketlere y\u00f6nelik uzun s\u00fcren ve masrafl\u0131 kovu\u015fturmalardan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak amac\u0131yla getirilen Ertelenmi\u015f Kovu\u015fturma Anla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ele almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tarih: 15 \u015eubat 2022<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Uluslararas\u0131 r\u00fc\u015fvetle m\u00fccadeleye y\u00f6nelik mevzuat hakk\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 makalesinin ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, Ceza Davalar\u0131 avukat\u0131 Ellen Sanchenko, kendi kendilerini ihbar eden \u015firketlere y\u00f6nelik uzun s\u00fcren ve masrafl\u0131 kovu\u015fturmalardan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak amac\u0131yla getirilen Ertelenmi\u015f Kovu\u015fturma Anla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ele almaktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n A Deferred Prosecution Agreement (DPA) is somewhat in the style of a plea bargain. It is effectively an agreement between a prosecuting body \u2013 the Serious Fraud<\/a> Office (SFO) or Director of Public Prosecutions (DPP) \u2013 and a ticari<\/a> entity which could potentially be prosecuted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Anla\u015fma uyar\u0131nca, bir savc\u0131 bir \u015firketi su\u00e7lamakta, ancak DPA\u2019n\u0131n bir hakim taraf\u0131ndan onaylanmas\u0131 durumunda yarg\u0131lama ask\u0131ya al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ceza\u00ee bir su\u00e7a kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u015f\u00fcphelenilen bir \u015firketin DPA m\u00fczakerelerine kat\u0131lma imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131n otomatik olarak mevcut olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmek \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir; bir \u015firket, ancak soru\u015fturmalara tam bir i\u015fbirli\u011fi g\u00f6stermesi durumunda m\u00fczakerelere davet edilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki vakalardan anla\u015f\u0131labilece\u011fi \u00fczere, kendi kendine bildirim o kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde te\u015fvik edilmektedir ki, bir \u015firketin soru\u015fturmaya i\u015fbirli\u011fi yap\u0131p yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesinde kilit bir unsur haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bir DPA \u00fczerinde anla\u015fmaya var\u0131l\u0131rsa, \u015firketin bu anla\u015fmada belirtilen \u015fartlar\u0131 yerine getirmesi gerekir; \u00f6rne\u011fin, para cezas\u0131 veya tazminat \u00f6demesi gibi. \u015eirketin gerekli ad\u0131mlar\u0131 atmamas\u0131 durumunda, kovu\u015fturman\u0131n yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131 muhtemeldir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n DPA\u2019lar, R\u00fc\u015fvetle M\u00fccadele Yasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 7. maddesi uyar\u0131nca uygulamaya konulmu\u015f ve 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda savc\u0131lar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yetkililerin nas\u0131l bir yol izlemeye karar verirlerse versinler \u2013 ister DPA yoluyla ister kovu\u015fturma yoluyla \u2013 bu durum ciddi cezalarla sonu\u00e7lanabilir. Bu durum, ticari kurulu\u015flar i\u00e7in uyum \u00e7er\u00e7evelerini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmeye yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmalar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde \u015f\u00fcphesiz g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir te\u015fvik te\u015fkil etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2018Ele\u015ftirmenler, anla\u015fmalar\u0131n sorumluluktan ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f yolu olarak i\u015flev g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n DPA\u2019lar etkili bir yapt\u0131r\u0131m arac\u0131 olduklar\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Uygulamaya konulduklar\u0131ndan bu yana, Ciddi Doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k B\u00fcrosu bunlar\u0131 aktif olarak kullanmaktad\u0131r ve vakalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funda, s\u00f6z konusu \u015firket en az bir adet 7. madde kapsam\u0131ndaki \u2018\u00f6nleyememe\u2019 su\u00e7lamas\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n R\u00fc\u015fvet ve Yolsuzluk B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc E\u015f Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Matthew Wagstaff, 11. Y\u0131ll\u0131k Bilgi Y\u00f6netimi, Soru\u015fturma, Uyum ve e-Ke\u015fif Konferans\u0131\u2019nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmada \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cDPA\u2019lar\u0131n uygulamaya konulmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndaki mant\u0131k basittir: Bunlar, uzun s\u00fcren ve maliyetli adli kovu\u015fturmalar\u0131 \u00f6nlemeyi ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r; zira bu t\u00fcr kovu\u015fturmalar, ma\u011fdurlar, su\u00e7u olmayan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar ve \u015firketin kaderine ba\u011fl\u0131 olan di\u011fer ki\u015filer i\u00e7in uzun s\u00fcreli bir belirsizlik yaratabilir.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Bariz ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, DPA\u2019lar, bu t\u00fcr anla\u015fmalar\u0131n ayn\u0131 zamanda sorumluluktan ka\u00e7ma arac\u0131 olarak da i\u015flev g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc savunan kesimlerden \u015fiddetli ele\u015ftirilere maruz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00dclkenin \u00f6nde gelen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z yolsuzlukla m\u00fccadele kurulu\u015fu olan Transparency International UK, d\u00f6rt y\u0131ll\u0131k bir soru\u015fturman\u0131n ard\u0131ndan 17 Ocak 2017 tarihinde SFO ile bir DPA imzalayan Rolls-Royce\u2019un dahil oldu\u011fu davan\u0131n sonucuna \u00f6zellikle ele\u015ftirel bir tutum sergilemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr Dr. Robert Barrington, \u201cBir \u015firketin r\u00fc\u015fvet verdi\u011fini itiraf etmesine ra\u011fmen, ne r\u00fc\u015fvet verenlerin ne de bu su\u00e7un i\u015flenmesine izin veren y\u00f6netim ekiplerinin sorumlu tutulmamas\u0131 sa\u00e7ma\u201d dedi.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u015e\u00f6yle devam etti: \u201cAdaletin yerine getirildi\u011fine ya da su\u00e7 ma\u011fdurlar\u0131na gereken sayg\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6sterildi\u011fine inanmak zor.\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cBu dava, \u015firketlere \u015fu mesaj\u0131 verme tehlikesi ta\u015f\u0131yor: Ciddi yolsuzluklara kar\u0131\u015fan ki\u015filer i\u00e7in DPA\u2019lar hafif bir se\u00e7enek olup, uygun bir bedel kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda cezadan kurtulabilmeleri m\u00fcmk\u00fcn; bu da yasay\u0131 alenen ihlal edenlere cezas\u0131zl\u0131k sa\u011fl\u0131yor.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2018\u015eirketin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00f6demeyle ilgili soru\u015fturma\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Nitekim, Rolls-Royce soru\u015fturmas\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00f6nemde, SFO bunun kurum tarihindeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck soru\u015fturma oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015fti. Rolls-Royce\u2019a yolsuzlu\u011fa te\u015febb\u00fcs su\u00e7undan alt\u0131, r\u00fc\u015fveti \u00f6nleyememe su\u00e7undan be\u015f ve muhasebe sahtekarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 su\u00e7undan birer su\u00e7lama y\u00f6neltilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Soru\u015fturma, \u015firketin en az yedi farkl\u0131 \u00fclkedeki arac\u0131lara yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00f6demeyle ilgiliydi. Bu \u00f6demelerin, y\u00fcksek tutarl\u0131 ihalelerin verilmesiyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia edildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Rolls-Royce, otuz y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcre boyunca yedi farkl\u0131 yarg\u0131 b\u00f6lgesinde ve \u00fc\u00e7 i\u015f kolunda sergiledi\u011fi yolsuzluk davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n sorumlulu\u011funu \u00fcstlendi. Bunun kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131m milyar sterlin tutar\u0131nda para cezas\u0131 \u00f6dedi. Ancak 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda SFO, Rolls-Royce aleyhindeki soru\u015fturmas\u0131n\u0131 sonu\u00e7land\u0131rd\u0131 ve hi\u00e7bir ki\u015finin yarg\u0131lanmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 teyit etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ele\u015ftirilerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da, DPA\u2019lara dahil olan ki\u015filere kar\u015f\u0131 mahk\u00fbmiyet karar\u0131 al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n pratikte imk\u00e2ns\u0131z olmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r; zira Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k\u2019ta, \u00f6rne\u011fin ABD\u2019den farkl\u0131 olarak, bu d\u00fczenlemeler bireyler i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n Daha fazla bilgi i\u00e7in Ellen ile \u015fu numaradan ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7ebilirsiniz: <\/strong>020 7613 1402 veya\u00a0e-posta<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Yak\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanacak olan bu makalenin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ve son b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde Ellen, Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k\u2019taki \u201cErtelenmi\u015f Kovu\u015fturma Anla\u015fmalar\u0131\u201d ile ABD ve Fransa\u2019da uygulanan benzer d\u00fczenlemeler aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
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