{"id":3280,"date":"2023-09-21T16:33:54","date_gmt":"2023-09-21T16:33:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/?post_type=insight&p=3280"},"modified":"2025-07-01T13:15:09","modified_gmt":"2025-07-01T13:15:09","slug":"criancas-influenciadoras-e-desafios-comerciais","status":"publish","type":"insight","link":"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/pt\/percepcoes\/criancas-influenciadoras-e-desafios-comerciais\/","title":{"rendered":"Influenciadores infantis e desafios comerciais"},"content":{"rendered":"

No atual mundo acelerado da cria\u00e7\u00e3o de conte\u00fados em linha, est\u00e1 a emergir uma tend\u00eancia not\u00e1vel: os jovens influenciadores est\u00e3o a assumir um papel central. Estas estrelas da Internet em ascens\u00e3o, muitas vezes melhor compreendidas pelos seus colegas entusiastas da Gera\u00e7\u00e3o Z, acumulam enormes seguidores atrav\u00e9s de vlogs cativantes e de conte\u00fados nas redes sociais que chamam a aten\u00e7\u00e3o. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Os influenciadores infantis podem ter apenas seis anos de idade (veja-se o caso de Elle Lively McBroom, por exemplo, com uns impressionantes 4,2 milh\u00f5es de seguidores no Instagram!) Mas o atual campe\u00e3o \u00e9 Ryan Kaji, com mais de 34 milh\u00f5es de subscritores no YouTube<\/strong><\/a>. E o seu segredo? Desembrulhar brinquedos e partilhar aventuras de jogos, claro! <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yet, handling<\/a> global<\/a> fame and fortune is no small feat for a commercially untrained child. So, what are the commercial rights of a child influencer, and to what extent can they override the authority of those with parental responsibility over them? <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

O neg\u00f3cio dos influenciadores infantis <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Surprisingly, these young stars hold significant commercial sway, rivalling small and medium-sized businesses in terms of income and value. Some parents<\/a> dive headfirst into this journey, taking on quasi-managerial roles, overseeing social media accounts, negotiating contracts, and producing content, all while their child continues to build and sell their brand.
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Crian\u00e7as influenciadoras e contratos comerciais <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Child influencers primarily thrive on sponsorship<\/a> deals with major brands like Nickelodeon and Mattel (Ryan Kaji is a shining example). Payment usually lands in a designated account under the child’s name or in their parents’ hands to manage in trust<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Em termos jur\u00eddicos, um influenciador infantil pode ser vinculado por contratos ao abrigo da lei inglesa? Vamos analisar a quest\u00e3o: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

- Contratos para bens de primeira necessidade<\/strong>: Pensar em comida, bebida, vestu\u00e1rio, alojamento e medicamentos, etc; <\/p>\n\n\n\n

- Beneficial<\/a> Contratos<\/strong>: Estes abrangem a aprendizagem, a educa\u00e7\u00e3o e v\u00e1rios servi\u00e7os. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Se um contrato n\u00e3o se enquadrar em nenhuma destas categorias, o menor pode ter a op\u00e7\u00e3o de o anular. Tal n\u00e3o significa, contudo, que a outra parte adulta n\u00e3o continue a ser contratualmente respons\u00e1vel. Os contratos tamb\u00e9m podem ser executados se trouxerem um benef\u00edcio claro para a crian\u00e7a, especialmente em termos de ganhos financeiros substanciais. Estes tipos de contratos s\u00e3o semelhantes aos acordos de talentos para crian\u00e7as actores, embora possam ser objeto de algum escrut\u00ednio p\u00fablico 
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Plataformas e respectivas contas <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Thanks to age restrictions set by Data<\/a> Protection Laws, a child influencer typically can’t officially own their social media account (as stated in the T&Cs). This measure aims to protect underage users and the platforms themselves. Thus, parents’ consent is key to creating and managing the profile, with income usually belonging to the account holder, subject to any legal obligations with third parties. 
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Navegar na propriedade intelectual<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

While there’s no age restriction on creating intellectual property<\/a>, child influencers are unlikely to own copyright over their own work, though in certain circumstance the influencer may have intellectual propriedade<\/a> rights in the form of Direitos de desempenho<\/strong> (s180(2) Copyright Design and Patent Act (Lei dos direitos de autor, desenhos e patentes)<\/em>), but that is for another<\/a> article. It’s typically the parents who film or produce the content who hold the rights, even in cases where a third-party production company is used. 
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O poder da estrutura\u00e7\u00e3o empresarial <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

For influencers’ parents, using corporate<\/a> structures is a smart move to mitigate legal risks and ensure tax efficiency. The company, not the individual<\/a>, takes<\/a> the lead in contracts with sponsors, and income is channelled into the company, which can then be paid<\/a> out in dividends. While there’s no age restriction on owning shares, there is on company directorship, so parents usually take on this role while the child is appointed as a shareholder. 
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Navegar na din\u00e2mica familiar <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Em qualquer fam\u00edlia, \u00e9 natural que ocorram desacordos. Mas o que acontece quando esses desentendimentos giram em torno de um filho influenciador, que det\u00e9m as chaves do rendimento e da reputa\u00e7\u00e3o da sua fam\u00edlia? A carreira da crian\u00e7a deve ser equilibrada com os direitos dos pais, conhecidos como Responsabilidade parental<\/strong> (PR), descrito em Sec\u00e7\u00e3o 3(1) da Lei da Crian\u00e7a de 1989<\/em>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

These rights include determining education, medical decisions<\/a>, name changes, accessing records, travel consent, legal representation, and religious upbringing. PR extends to the child’s property, potentially affecting their role as an influencer. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the event relations sour between a child influencer and their parents, it can spell doom for the Child\u2019s burgeoning business<\/a>. See \u201cPais influenciadores e as crian\u00e7as que tiveram a sua inf\u00e2ncia transformada em conte\u00fado<\/em><\/strong><\/a>\u201d. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Two critical issues emerge: first, what if both parents can’t agree on the child influencer\u2019s role? Second, what rights do parents have over the commercial side, extending to finances, exposure, and privacy<\/a> concerns? Consider ‘Harry’, a 12-year-old influencer with over 500,000 followers. His parents hold diametrically opposite views on his influencer status. Whilst she is supportive, his father worries about<\/a> its impact on Harry’s education and future. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

This decision squarely falls under PR, potentially shaping Harry’s life<\/a> in profound ways. In the event the parents cannot agree, one parent may apply to the family court to step in as an objective party and decide in the child\u2019s best interest. In reaching a decision, a court vontade<\/a> take various factors into account including age, time commitments, and safeguarding children’s professional rights before they reach the age of consent. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Recent reports highlight a regulamentar<\/a> gap in UK child labour<\/a> laws, leaving child influencers without adequate protection. Some have become primary income sources for their families, yet they lack the same protections<\/a> as child entertainers. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

While there’s currently limited case law on this assunto<\/a>, the surge in child influencers is likely to lead to a whole can of legal worms, making this an area well worth following.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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If you require assistance with Commercial or Family law issues, our dedicated teams are ready to apoio<\/a> you.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Contactar-nos:<\/strong><\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n