{"id":9158,"date":"2026-04-08T10:33:56","date_gmt":"2026-04-08T10:33:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/?post_type=insight&#038;p=9158"},"modified":"2026-04-09T09:06:56","modified_gmt":"2026-04-09T09:06:56","slug":"de-gouden-regel-en-de-testamentaire-bekwaamheid","status":"publish","type":"insight","link":"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/nl\/inzichten\/the-golden-rule-and-testamentary-capacity\/","title":{"rendered":"De Gouden Regel en testamentaire bekwaamheid"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Wanneer een advocaat namens een cli\u00ebnt een testament opstelt, moet hij zich ervan vergewissen dat de cli\u00ebnt over de nodige wilsbekwaamheid beschikt om een testament op te stellen. De toets voor wilsbekwaamheid werd vastgesteld in de zaak uit 1870,<a href=\"https:\/\/news.bylawyers.co.uk\/s\/blog-article\/a63Tg0000000PjBIAU\/case-summary-banks-v-goodfellow-1870-lr-5-qb-54\">\u00a0<em>Banks tegen Goodfellow<\/em><\/a><em>.\u00a0<\/em>Ondanks de invoering van de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legislation.gov.uk\/ukpga\/2005\/9\/contents\">Wet inzake geestelijke wilsbekwaamheid 2005<\/a>, waarin een andere toets voor het beoordelen van de wilsbekwaamheid wordt uiteengezet, heeft de rechtbank bevestigd dat de common law-toets voor wilsbekwaamheid van kracht blijft. Dit houdt in dat iedereen die een testament opstelt, in staat moet zijn om het volgende te begrijpen:\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>de aard van de handeling en de gevolgen daarvan\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>de omvang van het vermogen dat hij vervreemdt\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>de vorderingen waaraan zij gevolg moeten geven\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ze mogen ook niet lijden aan een psychische aandoening die \u201chun gevoelens vergiftigt, hun rechtvaardigheidsgevoel verdraait of de uitoefening van hun natuurlijke vermogens belemmert\u201d bij het vervreemden van hun vermogen.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gezien de steeds complexere gezinsstructuren en het toenemende aantal mensen met psychische problemen of dementie, is het voor advocaten belangrijker dan ooit om kritisch en waakzaam te zijn wanneer zij de opdracht krijgen een testament op te stellen. In veel gevallen, wanneer er een duidelijke uitleg en een gerechtvaardigde reden is voor de manier waarop het testament wordt opgesteld, volstaat het om mogelijke bezwaren te bespreken en een gedetailleerd verslag van het gesprek op te stellen en te bewaren, waarin de gedachtegang achter de beslissingen en de besproken kwesties worden vastgelegd. Wanneer er echter twijfels bestaan over de testamentaire bekwaamheid van de erflater, is het stellen van de juiste vragen en het bijhouden van een verslag mogelijk niet voldoende.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dit blijkt uit de recente zaak van\u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mentalhealthlaw.co.uk\/Ginger_v_Mickleburgh_(2026)_EWHC_100_(Ch)\">Ginger tegen Mickleburgh<\/a>\u00a0<\/em>(2026). In 2013 meldde de overledene dat hij van mening was dat de buren hem lastigvielen in een poging hem ertoe te bewegen zijn woning tegen een lage prijs te verkopen. Dit leidde ertoe dat hij gedwongen werd opgenomen, en gedurende die periode haalden zijn dochters en ex-vrouw persoonlijke bezittingen uit zijn woning om deze veilig te bewaren. Hij was ervan overtuigd dat zijn dochters erop uit waren om hem onbekwaam te laten verklaren, zodat zij de zeggenschap over zijn bezit konden overnemen. Hij stelde vervolgens een testament op waarin zijn zus, zijn neef en zijn partner grotendeels werden bevoordeeld.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De dochters voerden aan dat hij op het moment dat het testament werd opgesteld aan waanzinnige waanidee\u00ebn leed en dat het testament daarom nietig moest worden verklaard. Bij erfopvolging bij wettelijke erfopvolging zou de nalatenschap gelijkelijk tussen de dochters worden verdeeld.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De rechter concludeerde dat de overledene zowel op het moment dat hij zijn advocaat instructies gaf als op het moment dat hij zijn testament opmaakte, aan waanvoorstellingen leed en niet had kunnen worden overtuigd dat zijn dochters te goeder trouw jegens hem hadden gehandeld. Het testament was derhalve nietig wegens gebrek aan testamentaire bekwaamheid en er werd geoordeeld dat de overledene zonder testament was overleden.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De rechter wees erop dat het, in een situatie waarin de erflater minder dan een jaar eerder gedwongen was opgenomen, raadzaam zou zijn geweest als de erflater de \u2018gouden regel\u2019 had gevolgd die Lord Templeman in 1975 had geformuleerd. Deze regel houdt in dat bij het opstellen van het testament van een bejaarde erflater of een erflater die aan een ernstige ziekte heeft geleden, de advocaat ervoor moet zorgen dat een arts zich vergewist van de wilsbekwaamheid en het begripsvermogen van de erflater en dat er een gelijktijdig verslag wordt opgesteld van het onderzoek en de bevindingen. Aan de verklaring van de arts zou dan over het algemeen aanzienlijk gewicht worden toegekend bij een eventuele latere betwisting van de geldigheid van het testament op grond van het feit dat de erflater wilsbekwaam was. Hoewel er een geregistreerde verpleegkundige in de geestelijke gezondheidszorg aanwezig was toen de instructies voor het testament werden gegeven, was de verpleegkundige niet van tevoren op de hoogte gesteld van de afspraak met de advocaat en werd zij niet gevraagd een beoordeling van de wilsbekwaamheid uit te voeren.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Deze zaak maakt eens te meer duidelijk hoe belangrijk het is om een formele beoordeling van de wilsbekwaamheid te laten uitvoeren in situaties waarin er waarschijnlijk teleurgestelde begunstigden zullen zijn en de advocaat weet dat de cli\u00ebnt te kampen heeft gehad met psychische problemen.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Wij hebben ruime ervaring met het opstellen van testamenten en kunnen helpen bij het uitvoeren van een beoordeling van uw wilsbekwaamheid, hetzij in samenwerking met uw eigen arts \u2013 indien deze bereid is mee te werken \u2013 hetzij met een specialist op het gebied van wilsbekwaamheid, om ervoor te zorgen dat uw wensen zoveel mogelijk worden gerespecteerd. Ons Private Client-team is telefonisch bereikbaar op 020 7613 1402 of per e-mail via&nbsp;<a href=\"mailto:privateclient@rfblegal.co.uk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">privateclient@rfblegal.co.uk<\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":9159,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9158","insight","type-insight","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-wills-probate"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Whenever a lawyer prepares a will on behalf of a client, they need to be satisfied that the client has the necessary capacity to make a will. 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