{"id":8581,"date":"2026-02-02T11:37:08","date_gmt":"2026-02-02T11:37:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/?post_type=insight&#038;p=8581"},"modified":"2026-02-02T11:37:14","modified_gmt":"2026-02-02T11:37:14","slug":"la-procedure-de-prise-de-possession-la-defaillance-dun-pret-hypothecaire-lexecution-par-le-preteur-et-les-droits-de-lemprunteur","status":"publish","type":"insight","link":"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/la-procedure-de-prise-de-possession-la-defaillance-dun-pret-hypothecaire-lexecution-par-le-preteur-et-les-droits-de-lemprunteur\/","title":{"rendered":"Face aux proc\u00e9dures de d\u00e9possession : D\u00e9faut de paiement d'une hypoth\u00e8que, ex\u00e9cution par le pr\u00eateur et droits de l'emprunteur\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Falling into mortgage <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/arrieres-de-loyer-commercial-guide-pratique-a-lintention-des-locataires-commerciaux\/\">arrears<\/a> can be one of the most stressful experiences a homeowner faces. For many borrowers, the first&nbsp;indication&nbsp;that matters have escalated is the arrival of a formal&nbsp;demand&nbsp;letter&nbsp;and often this is followed by correspondence&nbsp;threatening <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/les-beneficiaires-de-frais-fixes-et-la-possession-dans-les-litiges-relatifs-aux-prets-relais\/\">possession<\/a> proceedings.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mortgage <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/pret-relais-en-souffrance-que-se-passe-t-il-si-vous-ne-pouvez-pas-rembourser-un-pret-relais-a-temps\/\">default<\/a> does not automatically result in repossession. The legal framework governing lender <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/litiges-relatifs-aux-prets-relais-comment-gerer-les-defauts-de-paiement-execution-et-clauses-abusives\/\">enforcement<\/a> in <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/services\/droit-des-personnes\/propriete-residentielle\/\">r\u00e9sidentiel<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/services\/droit-des-affaires\/contentieux-immobilier-affaires\/entreprises-occupantes\/\">propri\u00e9t\u00e9<\/a> places emphasis on proportionality,&nbsp;fairness&nbsp;and the borrower\u2019s ability to <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/base-de-connaissances\/mesures-financieres-pourquoi-ne-pas-faire-fi-de-toute-prudence\/\">remedy<\/a> arrears. Central to that framework is the court\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/conseils-sur-les-nuisances-legales-pour-les-proprietaires-et-les-agents-de-gestion\/\">statutory<\/a> discretion to delay or suspend possession where repayment is realistically achievable.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This article explains how mortgage default arises, how lenders enforce their <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/qa-deferred-consideration-security\/\">security<\/a>, the role of the court under section 36 of the Administration of Justice Act 1970, and the rights and options available to borrowers facing the prospect of losing their home.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u00e9faut de paiement d'une hypoth\u00e8que et garantie du pr\u00eateur&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A residential mortgage is both a loan <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/base-de-connaissances\/ai-je-besoin-dune-convention-dactionnaires\/\">agreement<\/a> and a security arrangement. The borrower is obliged to repay the loan&nbsp;in accordance with&nbsp;the mortgage terms, while the lender <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/deniz-oguzkanli-devient-associe-principal-de-rfb\/\">takes<\/a> a legal charge over the property as security for that obligation.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mortgage default most commonly arises where a borrower falls into arrears by&nbsp;failing to make&nbsp;the required monthly payments. Default may also occur where the borrower <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/ce-que-tout-bailleur-commercial-doit-savoir-sur-les-ruptures-de-contrat-de-location\/\">breaches<\/a> other mortgage <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/details-du-compte-du-client\/\">conditions<\/a>, such as&nbsp;failing to insure&nbsp;the property, falling into arrears on linked <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/services\/droit-des-affaires\/services-immobiliers-commerciaux\/financement-de-limmobilier-commercial\/\">secured lending<\/a>, or letting the property without the lender\u2019s consent.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En cas de d\u00e9faillance, le pr\u00eateur a en principe le droit de faire valoir sa garantie. Cette ex\u00e9cution prend souvent la forme d'une proc\u00e9dure de prise de possession, bien que la prise de possession ne soit pas cens\u00e9e \u00eatre automatique ou punitive.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conduite de l'action pr\u00e9alable et engagement pr\u00e9coce&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Before&nbsp;commencing&nbsp;possession proceedings, residential mortgage lenders are expected to <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/service-repute-que-faire-si-votre-conjoint-ne-sengage-pas-dans-la-procedure-de-divorce\/\">engage<\/a> constructively with borrowers and consider alternatives to possession. This includes providing clear information <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/a-propos-de-nous\/\">about<\/a> the arrears, exploring repayment proposals, and allowing borrowers reasonable time to seek advice.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Du point de vue de l'emprunteur, il est essentiel de s'engager rapidement. Les tribunaux peuvent voir d'un mauvais \u0153il les cas o\u00f9 la correspondance a \u00e9t\u00e9 ignor\u00e9e ou les occasions de r\u00e9soudre les probl\u00e8mes n'ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 saisies. Lorsqu'un emprunteur peut pr\u00e9senter un plan r\u00e9aliste pour r\u00e9gler les arri\u00e9r\u00e9s, les pr\u00eateurs sont souvent pr\u00eats \u00e0 envisager des arrangements temporaires ou des calendriers de paiement r\u00e9vis\u00e9s.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Toutefois, les arrangements informels n'offrent qu'une protection limit\u00e9e. En cas de difficult\u00e9s financi\u00e8res persistantes, des conseils juridiques sont souvent n\u00e9cessaires pour s'assurer que les propositions sont r\u00e9alistes, correctement \u00e9tay\u00e9es et susceptibles d'\u00eatre invoqu\u00e9es en cas de proc\u00e9dure.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Proc\u00e9dures de d\u00e9possession et r\u00f4le du tribunal&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Si les arri\u00e9r\u00e9s persistent et qu'aucun accord n'est trouv\u00e9, le pr\u00eateur peut engager une proc\u00e9dure de saisie aupr\u00e8s du tribunal de comt\u00e9. Il s'agit d'une proc\u00e9dure juridique formelle visant \u00e0 obtenir une ordonnance de possession du bien.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il est important de noter que l'ouverture d'une proc\u00e9dure ne signifie pas que la reprise de possession est in\u00e9vitable. Le tribunal ne se contente pas de faire respecter les droits contractuels du pr\u00eateur, mais exerce un pouvoir d'appr\u00e9ciation l\u00e9gal lorsqu'il d\u00e9termine si la possession doit \u00eatre ordonn\u00e9e et, dans l'affirmative, \u00e0 quelles conditions.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Borrowers are entitled to file a defence, attend the&nbsp;hearing&nbsp;and explain their&nbsp;position and their&nbsp;financial circumstances. The court <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/un-testament-peut-il-annuler-mes-accords-anterieurs\/\">va<\/a> expect to see&nbsp;clear evidence&nbsp;of income, expenditure,&nbsp;arrears&nbsp;and any proposals for repayment.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Article 36 de la loi de 1970 sur l'administration de la justice&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A central protection for residential borrowers facing possession is section 36 of the Administration of Justice Act 1970. This provision gives the court power, in cases involving a mortgage of a <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/le-droit-de-timbre-sur-la-taxe-fonciere-stamp-duty-land-tax-lallegement-pour-les-logements-multiples-supprime-budget-2024\/\">dwelling<\/a> house, to adjourn proceedings, suspend execution of a possession order, or postpone the date for possession.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La question cl\u00e9 de l'article 36 est de savoir si l'emprunteur est en mesure de payer les sommes dues au titre de l'hypoth\u00e8que, y compris les arri\u00e9r\u00e9s, dans un d\u00e9lai raisonnable afin d'\u00e9viter d'\u00eatre confront\u00e9 \u00e0 la possession du bien. Si le tribunal estime que c'est possible, il peut autoriser l'emprunteur \u00e0 rester dans le logement sous certaines conditions.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le tribunal peut donc exercer son pouvoir discr\u00e9tionnaire pour donner \u00e0 l'emprunteur un d\u00e9lai pour payer les arri\u00e9r\u00e9s en ajournant la proc\u00e9dure, en suspendant l'ex\u00e9cution ou en suspendant la possession, \u00e0 condition que l'emprunteur soit susceptible de payer les sommes dues dans un d\u00e9lai raisonnable.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What constitutes a \u201creasonable period\u201d is&nbsp;fact-specific. Courts will consider the size of the arrears, the remaining term of the mortgage, the borrower\u2019s income and expenditure, and any <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/section-28-lutilisation-croissante-de-preuves-preenregistrees-dans-les-proces-penaux-partie-2\/\">evidence<\/a> of a change in circumstances. While there is no fixed formula, courts often assess affordability over the remaining mortgage term, particularly where arrears are not excessive.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L'article 36 n'\u00e9teint pas les droits du pr\u00eateur, mais il permet au tribunal de mettre en balance ces droits et la capacit\u00e9 de l'emprunteur \u00e0 rem\u00e9dier \u00e0 la d\u00e9faillance et \u00e0 conserver son logement.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ordonnances de suspension de possession et respect de la loi&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lorsqu'une ordonnance de prise de possession suspendue est rendue, le respect des conditions est essentiel. Si l'emprunteur respecte les conditions de paiement, le pr\u00eateur ne peut pas exiger la possession du bien. Toutefois, si les paiements ne sont pas effectu\u00e9s, le pr\u00eateur peut demander l'ex\u00e9cution de l'ordonnance sans entamer de nouvelles proc\u00e9dures.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Borrowers who experience further difficulty should seek advice&nbsp;immediately. Courts&nbsp;retain&nbsp;the power to vary or re-suspend possession orders if circumstances change, but delay can significantly reduce the prospects of <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/succes-du-tribunal-du-travail-licenciement-abusif-et-injustifie\/\">success<\/a>.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Litiges au-del\u00e0 des arri\u00e9r\u00e9s&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mortgage possession proceedings are not always straightforward arrears cases. Borrowers may <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/le-recours-judiciaire-contre-la-reforme-du-droit-de-bail-remet-en-question-lavenir-de-dispositions-essentielles\/\">challenge<\/a> the accuracy of the arrears figure, dispute the application of interest or <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/frais-de-service-residentiels-guide-pratique-pour-les-proprietaires\/\">charges<\/a>, or raise concerns about the enforceability of the loan agreement.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In more complex cases, possession proceedings&nbsp;may intersect with other <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/services\/droit-des-personnes\/contentieux-immobilier\/\">litiges immobiliers<\/a>, such as leasehold breaches, service charge arrears or competing secured lending. These cases require careful <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/base-de-connaissances\/quelles-sont-les-obligations-legales-des-proprietaires-en-matiere-de-traitement-de-lhumidite-et-des-moisissures\/\">handling<\/a> to ensure that all relevant issues are properly before the court.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cons\u00e9quences de la possession et de la vente&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Si la possession est finalement ex\u00e9cut\u00e9e et que le bien est vendu, le produit de la vente est d'abord affect\u00e9 \u00e0 l'acquittement de la dette hypoth\u00e9caire et des frais d'ex\u00e9cution. L'exc\u00e9dent \u00e9ventuel est restitu\u00e9 \u00e0 l'emprunteur, tandis que le d\u00e9ficit \u00e9ventuel reste \u00e0 la charge de l'emprunteur.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il s'agit l\u00e0 d'un point crucial. La reprise du bien ne met pas n\u00e9cessairement fin \u00e0 l'exposition financi\u00e8re de l'emprunteur. Lorsque le prix de vente est insuffisant pour rembourser l'hypoth\u00e8que, le pr\u00eateur peut poursuivre l'emprunteur pour le solde restant.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/limportance-des-conventions-dactionnaires\/\">importance<\/a> of early legal advice&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mortgage default cases are highly fact-sensitive, and outcomes often turn on the quality of evidence presented to the court. Early legal advice can&nbsp;assist&nbsp;borrowers in <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/comprendre-les-prets-relais-un-filet-de-securite-pour-les-emprunteurs-dans-le-besoin\/\">understanding<\/a> their rights, preparing realistic repayment&nbsp;proposals&nbsp;and engaging effectively with lenders.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For lenders,&nbsp;timely&nbsp;advice ensures that enforcement action&nbsp;complies with&nbsp;statutory <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/visas-uk-2024-le-salaire-minimum-et-les-exigences-en-matiere-de-revenus\/\">requirements<\/a> and reduces the risk of delay or challenge.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Facing possession proceedings following mortgage default is undoubtedly daunting, but repossession is not automatic. Borrowers who engage early, present credible repayment proposals and obtain&nbsp;appropriate advice&nbsp;are sometimes able to avoid the most severe <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/les-marqueurs-cifas-expliques-causes-consequences-et-solutions\/\">consequences<\/a>. Conversely, inaction or misunderstanding of the court\u2019s powers can lead to unnecessary escalation.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Specialist <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/services\/droit-des-affaires\/contentieux-immobilier-affaires\/\">contentieux immobilier<\/a> advice is essential in navigating these cases and achieving proportionate, practical outcomes.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Litiges en mati\u00e8re de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 : Contactez-nous&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ben Lewis is an associate solicitor in RFB\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/etiquette\/litigation-team-br\/\">litigation<\/a> department.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For enquiries on this topic, please <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/nous-contacter\/\">contact<\/a> Ben Lewis <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/orientations-concernant-les-demandes-de-licence-de-parrainage-au-royaume-uni-dans-le-cadre-du-visa-de-travailleur-qualifie\/\">via<\/a> email at&nbsp;<a href=\"mailto:B.Lewis@rfblegal.co.uk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">B.Lewis@rfblegal.co.uk<\/a>&nbsp;ou par t\u00e9l\u00e9phone au 0203 947 8892.&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":8499,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8581","insight","type-insight","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-property-litigation"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Falling into mortgage arrears can be one of the most stressful experiences a homeowner faces. For many borrowers, the first indication that matters have escalated is the arrival of a formal demand letter and often this is followed by correspondence threatening possession proceedings. Mortgage default does not automatically result in repossession. 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For many borrowers, the first indication that matters have escalated is the arrival of a formal demand letter and often this is followed by correspondence threatening possession proceedings. Mortgage default does not automatically result in repossession. 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For many borrowers, the first indication that matters have escalated is the arrival of a formal demand letter and often this is followed by correspondence threatening possession proceedings. Mortgage default does not automatically result in repossession. 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