{"id":3531,"date":"2021-07-18T12:47:59","date_gmt":"2021-07-18T12:47:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/?post_type=insight&#038;p=3531"},"modified":"2024-04-26T11:43:34","modified_gmt":"2024-04-26T11:43:34","slug":"de-libor-a-sonia-la-derniere-ligne-droite-de-la-transition","status":"publish","type":"insight","link":"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/de-libor-a-sonia-la-derniere-ligne-droite-de-la-transition\/","title":{"rendered":"Du LIBOR au SONIA : la derni\u00e8re ligne droite de la transition"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Alors que nous entrons dans la phase finale de la transition du LIBOR vers le SONIA, Ahmed Butt, avocat stagiaire au sein du d\u00e9partement Droit des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s et droit commercial, pr\u00e9sente les grandes lignes de cette transition et les changements l\u00e9gislatifs intervenus \u00e0 ce jour, ainsi que les aspects connexes\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Date : 1er mars 2022<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><strong><u>Du LIBOR au SONIA : la derni\u00e8re ligne droite de la transition<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Le 9<sup>th<\/sup>&nbsp;En f\u00e9vrier 2022, l'Autorit\u00e9 de conduite financi\u00e8re (FCA) a publi\u00e9 un&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fca.org.uk\/news\/press-releases\/finalising-libor-transition-achievements-sterling-markets\">communiqu\u00e9 de presse<\/a>&nbsp;concernant la finalisation de la transition du London Inter-Bank Offered Rate (LIBOR) vers le Sterling Overnight Indexed Average (SONIA). \u00c0 la suite de la publication d\u00e9finitive des taux LIBOR \u00e0 un, trois et six mois en livres sterling et en yens japonais (les \u2018 taux applicables \u2019) sur la base d'un panel de banques, le 31<sup>st<\/sup>&nbsp;December 2021, the FCA reiterated that they as well as the the Bank of <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/expulsions-de-locataires-un-guide-pour-les-proprietaires-en-angleterre\/\">England<\/a> (BoE) and the Bank of England (BoE) working group ought to continue to encourage firms that are contractually exposed to LIBOR to try and transition permanently to Risk <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/les-moyens-de-defense-contre-la-diffamation-un-guide-rapide-pour-proteger-la-liberte-dexpression-et-la-reputation\/\">Free<\/a> Rates (RFR\u2019s) such as SONIA. The FCA further reiterated that during 2022 they <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/un-testament-peut-il-annuler-mes-accords-anterieurs\/\">va<\/a> seek views on the cessation of one month and six-month synthetic sterling LIBOR by the end of 2022 and on when to end the three-month sterling synthetic LIBOR.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Cet article pr\u00e9sente une vue d'ensemble de la transition du LIBOR vers le SONIA, ainsi que les modifications apport\u00e9es \u00e0 la l\u00e9gislation en vigueur pour permettre cette transition, et explique les mesures que les entreprises doivent prendre pour minimiser leur exposition aux contrats existants index\u00e9s sur le LIBOR.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><strong>Qu'est-ce que le LIBOR ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Le LIBOR est un taux d'int\u00e9r\u00eat de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence utilis\u00e9 par les banques pr\u00eateuses, qui indique le taux moyen auquel les banques sont dispos\u00e9es \u00e0 emprunter des fonds interbancaires non garantis sur le march\u00e9 interbancaire londonien. Ce taux est calcul\u00e9 \u00e0 partir des donn\u00e9es fournies par un panel de banques s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es, pour cinq devises et diff\u00e9rentes dur\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">LIBOR has been used by lenders and other financial institutions for decades as a reference point in the determination of the interest rate charged on various debt instruments whether this be in the form of loans, <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/services\/droit-des-personnes\/dentreprise\/prets-obligations-et-capitaux-propres\/\">bonds<\/a> or derivatives. LIBOR is significant because of its widespread <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/services\/droit-des-personnes\/divorce-famille\/maternite-de-substitution-fertilite-et-adoption\/\">adoption<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/comprendre-les-prets-relais-un-filet-de-securite-pour-les-emprunteurs-dans-le-besoin\/\">understanding<\/a>; it is estimated that over 100 million financial contracts have adopted LIBOR which total up to an estimated value of $300tn ($30tn in GBP markets).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><strong>Les probl\u00e8mes li\u00e9s au LIBOR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Le march\u00e9 sous-jacent sur lequel repose le LIBOR n'est plus liquide et ne constitue plus le principal moyen pour les banques de se financer. Ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, les banques ont trouv\u00e9 d'autres moyens que le march\u00e9 interbancaire pour se procurer des fonds. Cette baisse de la liquidit\u00e9 du march\u00e9 interbancaire a pour cons\u00e9quence que le LIBOR n'est plus un taux fiable pour \u00e9valuer le co\u00fbt r\u00e9el du cr\u00e9dit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Un autre probl\u00e8me r\u00e9side dans le fait que le LIBOR int\u00e8gre, dans son calcul, une composante de risque de cr\u00e9dit bancaire \u00e0 terme, destin\u00e9e \u00e0 indemniser les pr\u00eateurs pour le risque qu\u2019ils assument en accordant des pr\u00eats \u00e0 terme. Cela expose les emprunteurs aux fluctuations du risque de cr\u00e9dit bancaire, ce qui fait du LIBOR un point de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence inadapt\u00e9 pour couvrir le niveau g\u00e9n\u00e9ral des taux d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat (ce point sera abord\u00e9 plus en d\u00e9tail ci-dessous). Le LIBOR inclut \u00e9galement dans son calcul une prime de liquidit\u00e9 li\u00e9e \u00e0 la dur\u00e9e de la p\u00e9riode d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Le LIBOR est une estimation prospective ; il est calcul\u00e9 \u00e0 partir des estimations fournies par les banques du panel, qui \u00e9tablissent des pr\u00e9visions sur la base de leurs portefeuilles de pr\u00eats actuels, indiquant ainsi le taux auquel elles estiment pouvoir emprunter des fonds sur le march\u00e9 interbancaire pour chacune des \u00e9ch\u00e9ances dans la devise concern\u00e9e. Le probl\u00e8me r\u00e9sidait dans le fait que chaque banque du panel calculait son taux en se fondant sur un ensemble d'hypoth\u00e8ses diff\u00e9rent et adoptait ses propres m\u00e9thodes de calcul, ce qui rendait le LIBOR vuln\u00e9rable \u00e0 la manipulation. Cette vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 a \u00e9t\u00e9 mise en \u00e9vidence lors du scandale du LIBOR en 2008, lorsque les banques ont soumis des estimations de co\u00fbts d'emprunt nettement inf\u00e9rieures aux co\u00fbts r\u00e9ellement support\u00e9s pour emprunter ces fonds sur le march\u00e9 interbancaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Au 31<sup>st<\/sup>&nbsp;En d\u00e9cembre 2021, les taux applicables ne sont plus calcul\u00e9s sur la base d'un panel de banques, mais \u00e0 partir d'estimations synth\u00e9tiques, afin de pouvoir \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s dans les contrats qui font r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au LIBOR \u00e0 titre de taux applicable et qui ne peuvent pas passer \u00e0 d'autres taux (pour plus d'informations, voir la section&nbsp;<em>Les contrats h\u00e9rit\u00e9s contraignants, la loi de 2021 sur les crit\u00e8res essentiels (r\u00e9f\u00e9rences et responsabilit\u00e9 des administrateurs) (CBA) et le r\u00e9gime strict de la FCA applicable aux contrats h\u00e9rit\u00e9s&nbsp;<\/em>(voir la section ci-dessous).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><strong>SONIA et les raisons du passage aux RFR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">In contrast to LIBOR, SONIA is a Risk-Free Rate (RFR); it measures the overnight lending rate <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/base-de-connaissances\/guide-pour-les-proprietaires-de-logements-que-faire-si-le-locataire-ne-paie-pas-son-loyer-au-royaume-uni\/\">paid<\/a> by banks calculated and administered by the BoE. The BoE calculates SONIA based on actual and eligible transactions reported to it which reflect the trimmed mean of interest rates actually paid by banks to financial institutions and investors when borrowing unsecured wholesale funds overnight.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">La fiabilit\u00e9 et l'absence de risque du SONIA tiennent au fait qu'il s'agit d'un taux qui :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">a. Il repose sur des transactions r\u00e9elles effectu\u00e9es sur des march\u00e9s sous-jacents liquides, contrairement au LIBOR, qui est calcul\u00e9 \u00e0 partir d'estimations fournies par les banques membres du panel et qui est donc susceptible d'\u00eatre manipul\u00e9 ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">b. r\u00e9duit au minimum toute composante de risque de cr\u00e9dit, car il s'agit d'un taux r\u00e9trospectif, contrairement au LIBOR, qui est prospectif et int\u00e8gre une composante de risque de cr\u00e9dit dans son calcul ; et<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">c. r\u00e9duit au minimum toute prime de liquidit\u00e9 li\u00e9e \u00e0 la dur\u00e9e de la p\u00e9riode d'int\u00e9r\u00eat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">SONIA has been published daily by the BoE since <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/reformes-du-droit-des-societes-au-royaume-uni-a-compter-davril-2026-ce-que-les-entreprises-et-les-dirigeants-doivent-savoir\/\">April<\/a> 2018 and has tracked closely to the BoE base rate (see graph below). This further reiterates SONIA\u2019s predictability and reliability as opposed to LIBOR which fluctuates (usually tracking higher due to the credit risk component in its calculation) when compared to the BoE base rate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><br>Le SONIA \u00e9tant calcul\u00e9 sur la base des transactions en temps r\u00e9el r\u00e9alis\u00e9es au jour le jour, on s'attend \u00e0 ce qu'il soit, contrairement au LIBOR, plus souple et mieux adapt\u00e9 \u00e0 l'\u00e9volution des tendances du march\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"585\" src=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/SoniaToBaseFig1-1024x585.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3533\" style=\"width:1450px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/SoniaToBaseFig1-1024x585.png 1024w, https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/SoniaToBaseFig1-300x172.png 300w, https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/SoniaToBaseFig1-768x439.png 768w, https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/SoniaToBaseFig1-1536x878.png 1536w, https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/SoniaToBaseFig1-2048x1171.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">De plus, contrairement au LIBOR, le SONIA ne tient pas compte du risque de cr\u00e9dit bancaire \u00e0 terme, ce qui en fait un taux plus adapt\u00e9 et plus pr\u00e9visible pour couvrir le niveau g\u00e9n\u00e9ral des taux d'int\u00e9r\u00eat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><em>Contrats h\u00e9rit\u00e9s contraignants, la loi de 2021 sur les crit\u00e8res essentiels (r\u00e9f\u00e9rences et responsabilit\u00e9 des administrateurs) (CBA) et le r\u00e9gime strict applicable aux contrats h\u00e9rit\u00e9s de la FCA (FTLR)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">L'expression \u201c contrats h\u00e9rit\u00e9s difficiles \u201d est utilis\u00e9e pour d\u00e9signer les contrats qui font r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au LIBOR mais qui ne peuvent pas \u00eatre modifi\u00e9s pour passer au SONIA ou \u00e0 un autre taux de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Le 15<sup>th<\/sup>&nbsp;En d\u00e9cembre 2021, la CBA a re\u00e7u la sanction royale et a modifi\u00e9 le r\u00e8glement britannique sur les indices de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence (UK BMR) afin de permettre la transition automatique des contrats faisant r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au LIBOR apr\u00e8s 2021 vers le taux LIBOR synth\u00e9tique \u00e9quivalent. La CBA comprend en outre des dispositions de protection tant pour les utilisateurs du LIBOR synth\u00e9tique que pour l\u2019ICE Benchmark Administration (IBA) (l\u2019administrateur du LIBOR). Associ\u00e9e \u00e0 la FTLR, le Royaume-Uni dispose d\u00e9sormais d\u2019un r\u00e9gime \u00e0 deux volets r\u00e9gissant l\u2019utilisation du LIBOR synth\u00e9tique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Le premier r\u00e9gime est d\u00e9fini par l'amendement apport\u00e9 par la CBA au BMR britannique, qui consiste \u00e0 ins\u00e9rer les articles 23FA, 23FB et 23FC dans ce dernier texte l\u00e9gislatif. Ces amendements et le texte l\u00e9gislatif lui-m\u00eame ont pour cons\u00e9quence ce qui suit :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">\u00b7 En ce qui concerne son champ d'application, la CBA s'applique \u00e0 tous les contrats ou \u2018 accords \u2019, quelle que soit leur date de conclusion, conclus en vertu des lois de l'Angleterre et du Pays de Galles, de l'\u00c9cosse ou de l'Irlande du Nord.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">\u00b7 Si un contrat fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 un taux LIBOR qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 qualifi\u00e9 de \u2018 non repr\u00e9sentatif \u2019 ou \u2018 \u00e0 risque \u2019 par la FCA en vertu de l'article 23A du MBR britannique, ce taux sera alors consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme faisant r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au taux synth\u00e9tique \u00e9quivalent, m\u00eame si sa m\u00e9thode de calcul a \u00e9t\u00e9 modifi\u00e9e pour \u00eatre d\u00e9sormais bas\u00e9e sur une approche synth\u00e9tique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">\u00b7 Les tarifs retenus pour b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier de la transition automatique sont les \u00ab tarifs applicables \u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">\u00b7 Parties to a LIBOR referencing contract cannot argue that the automatic transition to the use of the synthetic rate constitutes a <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/que-faire-si-votre-locataire-commercial-ne-respecte-pas-le-bail\/\">breach<\/a> of contract, material change to the contract or frustration of the contract.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">\u00b7 Les parties \u00e0 un contrat index\u00e9 sur le LIBOR ne peuvent pas intenter d'action en dommages-int\u00e9r\u00eats contre l'IBA pour toute perte subie du fait d'une action ou d'une inaction de celle-ci sur instruction de la FCA, telle que la modification de sa m\u00e9thode de calcul dans le cadre de l'\u00e9tablissement du LIBOR synth\u00e9tique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">\u00b7 Les parties peuvent intenter une action en dommages-int\u00e9r\u00eats contre l'IBA pour les pr\u00e9judices subis du fait de toute action ou inaction imputable \u00e0 l'IBA qui aurait \u00e9t\u00e9 commise sans instruction de la FCA ou en vertu d'un pouvoir discr\u00e9tionnaire accord\u00e9 \u00e0 l'IBA par la FCA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">\u00b7 The effect of fallback provisions for loans and other LIBOR referencing <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/conventions-dachat-dactions-qa\/\">agreements<\/a> will depend on the type of fallback triggers implemented in the contract:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">o Fallback trigger A \u2013 where the Screen Rate is \u2018unavailable\u2019 (as usually drafted in LMA facility agreements which have not been amended to include a \u2018rate switch\u2019 provision in anticipation of LIBOR cessation), the contract will transition automatically to the relevant synthetic LIBOR without the trigger being activated. A LIBOR referencing <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/base-de-connaissances\/ai-je-besoin-dune-convention-dactionnaires\/\">agreement<\/a> that contains no fallback provisions would be treated in the same way.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">o D\u00e9clencheur de repli B \u2013 lorsque le contrat de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence LIBOR contient des clauses de \u2018 changement de taux \u2019 subordonn\u00e9es \u00e0 des \u00e9v\u00e9nements d\u00e9clencheurs, comme c'est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement le cas dans les contrats de cr\u00e9dit LMA, qui permettent le recours \u00e0 un taux alternatif d\u00e8s qu'un des \u00e9v\u00e9nements \u00e9num\u00e9r\u00e9s se produit. Dans ce cas, le d\u00e9clencheur doit s'appliquer tel qu'il est r\u00e9dig\u00e9 et un taux alternatif peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">\u00b7 La CBA ne s'appliquera pas si un contrat ou un accord pr\u00e9voit express\u00e9ment qu'elle ne s'applique pas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">\u00b7 Tout droit d'action dont une partie pourrait disposer en vertu d'un contrat index\u00e9 sur le LIBOR et qui existait avant la d\u00e9signation vis\u00e9e \u00e0 l'article 23A restera valable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Le deuxi\u00e8me r\u00e9gime est d\u00e9fini par le FTLR. Le champ d'application du FTLR couvre la notion d\u2018\u2019 utilisation \u2018 telle que d\u00e9finie par le BMR britannique et s'applique \u00e0 tous les produits autres que les d\u00e9riv\u00e9s compens\u00e9s. En vertu de ce r\u00e9gime, tout \u00e9tablissement ou toute entit\u00e9 r\u00e9pondant \u00e0 la d\u00e9finition d\u2019une \u2019 entit\u00e9 soumise \u00e0 surveillance \u00bb au sens du BMR britannique n\u2019est pas autoris\u00e9 \u00e0 utiliser les taux applicables apr\u00e8s le 31&nbsp;<sup>st<\/sup>&nbsp;D\u00e9cembre 2021. La FCA a accord\u00e9 une d\u00e9rogation pour les contrats existants complexes et a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que les entit\u00e9s soumises \u00e0 sa surveillance pouvaient continuer \u00e0 utiliser le LIBOR synth\u00e9tique dans tous les contrats relevant du champ d'application du BMR britannique, \u00e0 l'exception des produits d\u00e9riv\u00e9s compens\u00e9s, jusqu'au 31<sup>st<\/sup>&nbsp;D\u00e9cembre 2022 (date \u00e0 laquelle le LIBOR synth\u00e9tique en yens japonais prendra fin et \u00e0 laquelle l'utilisation du LIBOR synth\u00e9tique en livres sterling sera restreinte, bien que son utilisation puisse se poursuivre pendant une dur\u00e9e maximale de dix ans en vertu du r\u00e8glement britannique sur les taux de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence (BMR)).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><strong>Quelles sont les implications pour les entreprises et pour la r\u00e9duction des risques li\u00e9s \u00e0 l'exposition au LIBOR ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Si ce n'est pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 fait, les entreprises britanniques devront commencer \u00e0 faire \u00e9voluer leurs contrats existants index\u00e9s sur le LIBOR vers le SONIA. Vous trouverez ci-dessous une proc\u00e9dure simple en deux \u00e9tapes que les entreprises peuvent suivre pour r\u00e9duire leur exposition au LIBOR :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">1 EXAMEN DE L'ANALYSE DE L'EXPOSITION ET DES RISQUES<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">\u2013 Examiner les titres de cr\u00e9ance index\u00e9s sur le LIBOR ainsi que tous les accords y aff\u00e9rents, et \u00e9valuer la m\u00e9thode de fixation du LIBOR utilis\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">\u2013 R\u00e9aliser une \u00e9valuation pr\u00e9liminaire des risques financiers et juridiques, et analyser les avantages et les risques li\u00e9s au passage du LIBOR au SONIA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">\u2013 Examiner les clauses de repli pr\u00e9vues dans le contrat et v\u00e9rifier s\u2019il existe une transition automatique vers le LIBOR synth\u00e9tique. Proc\u00e9der \u00e0 une \u00e9valuation plus approfondie des risques li\u00e9s \u00e0 toute transition automatique vers le LIBOR synth\u00e9tique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">- <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/protection-de-la-contrepartie-differee-dans-le-cadre-dune-cession-dactions\/\">Consideration<\/a> de <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/services\/droit-des-personnes\/droit-reglementaire\/\">r\u00e9glementaire<\/a> obligations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">2 R\u00c9DUCTION ACTIVE DE L'EXPOSITION AU LIBOR<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">\u2013 Envisager des mesures correctives ou des modifications concernant tout instrument de dette index\u00e9 sur le LIBOR ou tout contrat connexe dont l'\u00e9ch\u00e9ance est post\u00e9rieure au 31 d\u00e9cembre 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">\u2013 Veiller \u00e0 ce que tout nouvel instrument de dette ou tout nouvel accord conclu fasse r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au SONIA comme taux d'int\u00e9r\u00eat de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">\u2013 Mettez en place un programme de transition interne au sein de votre structure actuelle de gouvernance d'entreprise et informez l'ensemble des parties prenantes de la transition vers SONIA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><strong>Le co\u00fbt de la transition vers SONIA<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">La prise en charge des frais li\u00e9s \u00e0 toute modification effectu\u00e9e dans le cadre de la transition vers le taux SONIA d\u00e9pendra des clauses du contrat de pr\u00eat ou de la documentation relative \u00e0 la dette. Toutefois, il est courant que les clauses relatives aux frais pr\u00e9voient que les frais li\u00e9s \u00e0 toute modification du contrat demand\u00e9e par l\u2019emprunteur soient \u00e0 la charge de ce dernier. Dans ces circonstances, on peut faire valoir qu\u2019il est possible pour un emprunteur de demander \u00e0 un pr\u00eateur de prendre en charge, en partie ou en totalit\u00e9, les frais li\u00e9s \u00e0 la modification de tout contrat index\u00e9 sur le LIBOR auquel il est partie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">Another potential cost of transition that borrowers should bear in mind is the credit adjustment spread (CAS). The CAS is the term used for the adjustment that needs to be made to a lenders profit from interest payments when transitioning from LIBOR to SONIA. As stated earlier the former contained a credit premium element whereas the latter does not. Due to the lack of a credit premium element the rate of SONIA is lower than LIBOR, therefore, in order to ensure that the lender receives the amount in interest as initially agreed between the parties an adjustment needs to be made. The FCA has reiterated that the cessation of LIBOR should not be used by lenders as an excuse to increase interest rates, hence, CAS is used to enable fair economic value transfer for all parties. In respect of calculation of CAS the Sterling Risk Free Rates Working Group has recommended the use of a five year historical median for loans transitioning on LIBOR cessation based on the difference between sterling LIBOR and SONIA compounded in <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/fr\/perspectives\/arrieres-de-loyer-commercial-guide-pratique-a-lintention-des-locataires-commerciaux\/\">arrears<\/a> over a five year lookback period. The International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA) have also recommended a synonymous calculation for the derivatives market. In any event, the lender should provide a borrower with a basis of how they have calculated CAS when transitioning an agreement over to SONIA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\"><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">La transition du LIBOR vers le SONIA entre d\u00e9sormais dans sa phase finale, le LIBOR en yen japonais devant cesser d'\u00eatre disponible apr\u00e8s le 31<sup>st<\/sup>&nbsp;En d\u00e9cembre 2022, alors que l'avenir du LIBOR en livres sterling reste tr\u00e8s incertain, les entreprises devraient d\u00e8s \u00e0 pr\u00e9sent veiller \u00e0 passer en revue toutes leurs expositions li\u00e9es \u00e0 des contrats index\u00e9s sur le LIBOR dont l'\u00e9ch\u00e9ance est post\u00e9rieure au 31<sup>st<\/sup>&nbsp;d\u00e9cembre 2021 et mettre en \u0153uvre la transition vers le SONIA si cela n\u2019a pas encore \u00e9t\u00e9 fait. Il est recommand\u00e9 aux entreprises de s\u2019efforcer de comprendre les risques et les avantages de la transition vers le SONIA dans le cadre de leurs contrats existants index\u00e9s sur le LIBOR, et de s\u2019assurer qu\u2019elles savent clairement si leurs contrats ont \u00e9t\u00e9 automatiquement convertis au LIBOR synth\u00e9tique en vertu du BMR et du CBA britanniques. Enfin, il est \u00e9galement recommand\u00e9 aux entreprises, afin de se pr\u00e9munir contre tout risque financier ou juridique impr\u00e9vu, de chercher activement \u00e0 modifier tout accord actuel faisant r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au LIBOR et de s\u2019assurer qu\u2019elles sont pass\u00e9es au SONIA d\u00e8s que possible.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3531","insight","type-insight","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"As we enter the final stages of the transition from LIBOR to SONIA, Ahmed Butt a Trainee Solicitor in the Corporate and Commercial department, outlines the transition and changes in law thus far, as well as the related... 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