{"id":5719,"date":"2025-02-12T15:05:34","date_gmt":"2025-02-12T15:05:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/?post_type=insight&#038;p=5719"},"modified":"2025-11-14T14:30:41","modified_gmt":"2025-11-14T14:30:41","slug":"schatten-und-de-facto-direktoren-wer-sind-sie-und-welche-haftung-haben-sie","status":"publish","type":"insight","link":"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/de\/einblicke\/schatten-und-de-facto-direktoren-wer-sind-sie-und-welche-haftung-haben-sie\/","title":{"rendered":"Schatten- und De-facto-Direktoren: Wer sind Sie und welche Haftung haben Sie?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Direktoren eines Unternehmens haben gro\u00dfe Verantwortung und Pflichten. Allerdings werden nicht alle Personen, die Einfluss auf die Angelegenheiten eines Unternehmens aus\u00fcben, formell zu Direktoren ernannt.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Eine Person, die rechtskr\u00e4ftig zum Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer bestellt wurde, wird als \u2018de jure director\u2019 bezeichnet. Die Identifizierung eines \u2018de jure directors\u2019 ist in der Regel einfach, da sie beim Companies House registriert sind. Allerdings erscheinen nicht alle \"Direktoren\" im Register des Companies House, und Einzelpersonen k\u00f6nnen unwissentlich als Direktoren angesehen werden und den gleichen Verantwortlichkeiten und Pflichten unterliegen.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In diesem Artikel werden die wichtigsten Unterschiede zwischen Schattengesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrern und faktischen Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrern sowie ihre jeweiligen Pflichten erl\u00e4utert.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>De-facto-Direktoren<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ein faktischer Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer ist eine Person, die die Aufgaben eines Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrers wahrnimmt, ohne f\u00f6rmlich bestellt zu sein. Der Gerichtshof wendet eine objektive, faktenspezifische Pr\u00fcfung an, bei der die Handlungen und der Grad der Beteiligung am Entscheidungsprozess des Unternehmens bewertet werden.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De-facto-Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrert\u00e4tigkeiten entstehen oft ungewollt. Dies kann z. B. der Fall sein, wenn eine Person als Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer beim Companies House eingetragen werden sollte, die Ernennung aber nie vollzogen wurde oder als ung\u00fcltig angesehen wurde.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zu den wichtigsten Indikatoren f\u00fcr einen De-facto-Direktor geh\u00f6ren:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Treffen oder Beeinflussen wichtiger Gesch\u00e4ftsentscheidungen;\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>sich selbst als Direktor gegen\u00fcber Dritten zu vertreten; und\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Die Behandlung als Direktor durch de jure Direktoren.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Schatten-Direktoren<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ein Schattenregisseur wird hingegen wie folgt definiert <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legislation.gov.uk\/ukpga\/2006\/46\/section\/251\">Abschnitt 251 des Companies Act 2006<\/a> als <em>\u201ceine Person, nach deren Anweisungen oder Weisungen die Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer einer Gesellschaft zu handeln gewohnt sind\u201d.\u201d<\/em>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Im Gegensatz zu den faktischen Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrern treten die Schattengesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer nicht offen als Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer auf. Stattdessen agieren sie hinter den Kulissen und \u00fcben Einfluss aus, ohne sich aktiv am Tagesgesch\u00e4ft des Unternehmens zu beteiligen.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Schattendirektorate entstehen h\u00e4ufig in generationen\u00fcbergreifenden Familienunternehmen oder in F\u00e4llen, in denen Anteilseigner, die nicht f\u00f6rmlich als Direktoren eingetragen sind, eine erhebliche Kontrolle \u00fcber die Entscheidungsfindung aus\u00fcben. So kann beispielsweise ein ranghohes Familienmitglied erheblichen Einfluss auf ein Familienunternehmen aus\u00fcben, ohne ein formelles Direktorenamt innezuhaben.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zu den wichtigsten Elementen eines Schattenregisseurs geh\u00f6ren:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ein einheitliches Muster von Direktoren, die ihre Anweisungen befolgen;\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Eine etablierte Beziehung, bei der sich der Vorstand routinem\u00e4\u00dfig an seine Vorgaben h\u00e4lt;\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Keine formale Benennung oder aktive Vertretung als Direktor; und\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Wird oft als \u2018Puppenspieler\u2019 hinter Unternehmensentscheidungen wahrgenommen.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Rechtliche Pflichten<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sowohl De-facto- als auch Schattenvorst\u00e4nde k\u00f6nnen denselben gesetzlichen Pflichten unterliegen wie formell ernannte Vorst\u00e4nde.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Weitere Informationen \u00fcber die Pflichten von Direktoren finden Sie in unserem Artikel: \u2019<a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/de\/einblicke\/pflichten-von-geschaftsfuhrern-was-sind-sie-und-was-passiert-wenn-man-gegen-sie-verstost\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pflichten von Direktoren: Was sind sie und was passiert, wenn Sie sie verletzen?<\/a>\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Praktische Implikationen<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><em>F\u00fcr Unternehmen:<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Definieren Sie klar die Rollen und Verantwortlichkeiten innerhalb der Organisation;\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sicherstellung einer ordnungsgem\u00e4\u00dfen Ernennung und Dokumentation der Direktoren, um Unklarheiten zu vermeiden.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><em>F\u00fcr Einzelpersonen:<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vermeiden Sie es nach M\u00f6glichkeit, als De-facto-Direktor oder Schattendirektor zu fungieren, solange Sie nicht offiziell ernannt wurden;\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Seien Sie vorsichtig bei der Einflussnahme auf Unternehmensentscheidungen ohne f\u00f6rmliche Ernennung - dies gilt insbesondere f\u00fcr professionelle Berater.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Anw\u00e4lte f\u00fcr Shadow Directors und De Facto Directors - Kontaktieren Sie uns<\/strong>\u00a0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Die Grenzen zwischen den Funktionen eines Direktors sind oft flie\u00dfend. Wenn Sie Unterst\u00fctzung in Bezug auf Ihre Pflichten als Direktor ben\u00f6tigen - unabh\u00e4ngig davon, ob Sie formell ernannt wurden oder als De-facto-Direktor oder Schattendirektor agieren - wenden Sie sich bitte an <a href=\"https:\/\/rfblegal.co.uk\/de\/menschen\/jonathan-chan\/\">Partner Jonathan Chan<\/a> unter <a href=\"mailto:J.Chan@rfblegal.co.uk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">J.Chan@rfblegal.co.uk<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":5720,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[62,65],"tags":[81],"class_list":["post-5719","insight","type-insight","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-commercial-litigation","category-corporate","tag-litigation-team-dj"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.9 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Directors of a company hold significant responsibilities and duties. 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